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The Visceral Adiposity Index As a Predictor of Chronic Kidney Disease; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher



Dalili A ; Rezaee M ; Sablouei F H ; Salati S ; Amini H ; Habibi E ; Gholamine B ; Behi M
Authors

Source: Journal of Nephropathology Published:2025


Abstract

Introduction: Visceral fat accumulation and insulin resistance play significant roles in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association between the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and CKD using a systematic review and meta-analysis method. Materials and Methods: The sources were searched in the Web of Science, Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases, as well as the Google Scholar search engine. Data were analyzed using STATA 14 at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: The results obtained from a combination of 21 observational studies revealed that CKD risk increased with high VAI values in total subjects (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.16), men (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.22), and women (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.32), as well as in cross-sectional (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.17) and cohort (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.29) studies. In addition, high VAI values elevated CKD risk in Taiwan (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.08), Turkey (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.10), China (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.60), Cameroon (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.22), and the USA (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.07). Conclusion: The risk of CKD rose with high VAI values in all participants (12%), with a higher rate in women (22%) than in men (14%). Moreover, the highest and least risks were reported in Taiwanese and USA patients. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (ID: CRD420251037963) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1984) websites. Copyright © 2025 The Author(s); Published by Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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