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Understanding the Fear and Approval of Risk Management for Foot Care in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Referred to Diabetes Clinics in North Khorasan Province: Using a Developed Parallel Process Model



Hakkak H1 ; Hosseini S2, 3 ; Rajabzadeh R4 ; Shoraka H5 ; Ahmadpour M6 ; Sarpooshi D7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
  2. 2. Vectorborne Diseases Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
  3. 3. School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Epidemiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Social Determinants of Health ResearchCenter, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Source: International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Published:2018

Abstract

Diabetes is one of the most serious noncommunicable diseases worldwide, categorized as a global epidemic. Diabetes mellitus is among the most debilitating complications of diabetes, causing long-term hospitalization and many amputations in limbs. The aim of this study was to determine the status of diabetic foot using a parallel development model developed in patients referred to diabetes clinics of North Khorasan Province, Iran, in 2016.The present descriptive-analytic study investigated the self-care behaviors of patients with diabetes visiting diabetes clinics in North Khorasan Province in 2016. Sampling was performed using the multi-stage (stratified randomized, systematic) method. Data were collected through interviews and a questionnaire containing a section for demographic characteristics and items on the development process and self-care model. The collected data were entered into the SPSS 16 software and analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient, and independent samples t-test as well as descriptive statistics.The mean age of 361 participants was 55.74 years and the age of diabetes was 46.43 years with the averageBMI of 27.47. The average perceived self-efficacy score of the patientswas higher than other structures of the model (88%) and the average score of knowledge and self-care was moderate (60% and 69%, respectively).Spearman's correlation coefficient between age, self-care, perceived effectiveness, and perceived utilityrevealeda significantnegative correlation. Independent samples t-test showed a statistically significant differenceonlyinthe mean perceived effectiveness score betweenthe two sexes(p<0.05). The average score of men was higher than that forwomen. Also, results of Kruskal-Wallistest demonstrated a significant difference inthe self-care score of subjects based on the scores of knowledge, perceived effectiveness, perceived sensitivity, and perceived utility.The findings of the studyindicated a low level of knowledge and lack of observance of some issues regarding self-care and prevention of diabetic foot in patients with diabetes, showingthe need for a training program to significantly decrease the incidence of diabetic foot. Therefore, we recommend that those in charge of curriculum design use modified and educational programs based on models and behavior change theories as an effective way to change the high-risk behaviors of patients with diabetes. © 2018, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved.
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