Application of Synthetic Biology in Mammalian Cell-Based Therapies and Cancer Publisher



Adhikary K ; Dey R ; Chatterjee P ; Chatterjee S ; Mukherjee B ; Taghizadehhesary F
Source: Synthetic Biology and its Consequences in Present Healthcare Published:2025

Abstract

The foundation of synthetic biology is the idea that biological parts obtained from many species may be combined and redesigned to form synthetic biological networks. These networks may operate on their own or in tandem with biological systems seen in nature. The aim of this methodology is to augment and introduce novel and advantageous biological properties to cells, hence augmenting the potential of living organisms beyond their inherent capabilities. Numerous industries, including industrial processes, agriculture, health, and environmental sustainability, may benefit from the use of synthetic biology. Applications for synthetic biology may be found in many fields, such as developing new biological systems, optimizing organisms by keeping just the genes that are required, controlling gene activity, and creating organisms for the synthesis of valuable substances. Gene therapy is a unique technique for treating hereditary problems. It involves introducing functional modifications to genes, deactivating disease-causing genes, replacing unhealthy genes with good ones, and strengthening the immune system. Viral vectors, plasmids, or other methods for human gene editing may be used in this treatment. Recent research on the microbiome has shown that bacteria exist in the human body, especially in cancer tissue. Microorganisms have thus attracted a lot of attention as possible targets for cancer treatment. Remarkably a number of empirical research carried out in the last several years have shown that a reduction in immune surveillance in tumor necrosis zones allows bacteria to colonize and grow within tumors. Because of their selectivity for tumors bacteria provide a special chance to build them as intelligent delivery systems for cancer therapy using synthetic biology techniques. Thus the main focus of this chapter was on the sophisticated uses of synthetic biology in the context of medicines based on mammalian cells, with a focus on investigating possible cancer treatments. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.