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Molecular-Based Detection of Leishmania Infantum in Human Blood Samples in a New Focus of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Lorestan Province, Iran



Masoori L1 ; Kheirandish F2 ; Haghighi A1 ; Mohebali M3, 4 ; Akhoundi B3 ; Taghipour N1 ; Gachkar L5 ; Chegenisharafi A6 ; Moinvaziri V1
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Communication Disease Control and Prevention, Deputy of Health, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Khorramabad, Iran

Source: Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases Published:2018

Abstract

Background: The fatal form of leishmaniasis is visceral form (VL), found in some of the countries in the world. Visceral leishmaniasis has been reported sporadically from all provinces in Iran, including Lorestan. This study aimed to characterize parasite species in DAT positive and some of the DAT negative human blood samples of Delfan district, Lorestan Province, central Iran. Methods: Blood samples were collected from different geographical areas of Delfan. Serum was used for DAT test and remained part of molecular study. DNA was extracted by using DNG-plus extracted kit (Cinagen, Iran). Poly-merase chain reaction amplification of Leishmania kDNA and PCR-RFLP of ITS1 was done to identify Leishmania species. Some amplicons were sequenced, submitted to GenBank and analyzed by BLASTn. Results: Expected band of kDNA for L. infantum (720bp) was amplified in 16 out of 186 (8.6%) samples which showed previously anti-Leishmania antibody at different titers or were negative serologically. Using BLASTn, 93% similarity with L. infantum has been shown. The rDNA-ITS1 was amplified only in 9 samples (4.7%). RFLP pattern was similar to what expected for L. infantum. Conclusion: A new emerging hypo-endemic focus, caused by L. infantum, is going to be established in Delphan District, Lorestan Province. Further studies on vector and reservoirs are necessary for the region and other parts of Lorestan Province. © 2018 Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
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