Prevalence and Some Related Factors of Low Muscle Mass in Older Adults: Findings From the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study Publisher

Summary: Study finds 16.4% of older adults have low muscle mass, linked to age, male gender, and smoking, but higher BMI offers protection. #Sarcopenia #Aging

Abiri B¹ ; Ahmadi AR² ; Nikoohemmat M¹ ; Valizadeh A^{1, 3} ; Mahdavi M¹ ; Valizadeh M¹ ; Momenan A⁴ ; Haidari F⁵ ; Azizi F⁶ ; Hosseinpanah F¹
Source: Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Published:2024

Abstract

Objectives: The global population is undergoing rapid aging, and the consequential decline in skeletal muscle mass with age presents substantial health risks, underscoring the importance of precise identification and gender-specific measurements. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of low muscle mass among individuals aged > 60 years and identifying potential risk factors. Methods: This study, conducted within the framework of Phase VII of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), included 860 participants selected through meticulous inclusion and exclusion criteria, focusing on good health. Various demographic, anthropometric, and metabolic measurements were collected, and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was employed for skeletal muscle mass assessment. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate associations between low muscle mass and various factors. Results: The prevalence of low skeletal muscle mass was 16.4% (CI: 14.06–19.03), with gender-based variations (20.24% (CI: 16.66–24.36) in males vs. 12.73% (CI: 9.92–16.19) in females). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed associations between low muscle mass and increasing age, male gender, smoking, low physical activity, and higher HDL levels (P < 0.05). Protective effects were observed with higher BMI, weight, height, waist and hip circumference, and serum triglyceride levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence and related factors of low skeletal muscle mass among older adults. Addressing modifiable risk factors and promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors are crucial steps in preventing and managing sarcopenia. Further longitudinal research is recommended to explore causal pathways and inform targeted interventions for optimizing muscle health across the lifespan. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2024.