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Association of Clinical Features With Spike Glycoprotein Mutations in Iranian Covid-19 Patients Publisher

Summary: Why did COVID hit some waves harder in Iran? Scientists sequenced spike genes from 60 patients, finding D614G mutation in 52%—rising in wave 3, yet no link to symptoms—implying it drives spread, urging variant surveillance for vaccines. #SARS-CoV2 #COVID19Variants

Ahangarzadeh S1 ; Yousefi A2 ; Ranjbar MM2 ; Dabiri A3 ; Zarepour A4 ; Sadeghi M5 ; Heidari E5 ; Mazrui F5 ; Hosseinzadeh M6 ; Ataei B7 ; Zarrabi A4 ; Shariati L8, 9 ; Haghjooy Javanmard S3
Authors

Source: Journal of Clinical Medicine Published:2022


Abstract

Background: Mutations in spike glycoprotein, a critical protein of SARS-CoV-2, could directly impact pathogenicity and virulence. The D614G mutation, a non-synonymous mutation at position 614 of the spike glycoprotein, is a predominant variant circulating worldwide. This study investigated the occurrence of mutations in the crucial zone of the spike gene and the association of clinical symptoms with spike mutations in isolated viruses from Iranian patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the second and third waves of the COVID-19 epidemic in Isfahan, the third-largest city in Iran. Methods: The extracted RNA from 60 nasopharyngeal samples of COVID-19 patients were subjected to cDNA synthesis and RT-PCR (in three overlapping fragments). Each patient’s reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) products were assembled and sequenced. Information and clinical features of all sixty patients were collected, summarized, and analyzed using the GENMOD procedure of SAS 9.4. Results: Analysis of 60 assembled sequences identified nine nonsynonymous mutations. The D614G mutation has the highest frequency among the amino acid changes. In our study, in 31 patients (51.66%), D614G mutation was determined. For all the studied symptoms, no significant relationship was observed with the incidence of D614G mutation. Conclusions: D614G, a common mutation among several of the variants of SARS-CoV-2, had the highest frequency among the studied sequences and its frequency increased significantly in the samples of the third wave compared to the samples of the second wave of the disease. © 2022 by the authors.
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