Catheter-Associated Blood Stream Infections Due to Candida Pararugosa in a Patient With Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report Publisher Pubmed



Nasri E¹ ; Vaezi A² ; Shelerangkon M¹ ; Rizi MH¹ ; Ghafel S¹ ; Abbasi K³ ; Badali H⁴ ; Fakhim H¹
Source: Brazilian Journal of Microbiology Published:2023

Abstract

Infections caused by uncommon Candida species have dramatically increased in recent decades, mostly among hematological malignancies. This report aims to present a case of Candida pararugosa bloodstream infection, review previous cases with C. pararugosa infections, and provide a concise review of the clinical background, risk factors, and brief the management of infections. A 3-year-old boy with a history of acute myeloid leukemia was hospitalized in Omid Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Two consecutive blood cultures were taken from the peripheral vein and port catheter; after that, empirically meropenem was administered. Candida pararugosa were isolated from blood-based on conventional and molecular assays. Furthermore, the antifungal susceptibility profiles of the isolate were determined, which exhibited resistance to fluconazole (8 μg/mL). Antifungal therapy with caspofungin and removing the patient’s port led to a significant clinical improvement of the patient’s conditions. So far, in the literature review, 10 cases of clinical C. pararugosa isolates were found, of which 5 patients had bloodstream infections. Most patients with C. pararugosa infection presented with specific underlying conditions, such as malignancy, sarcoma, surgery, and adult acute myeloid leukemia. Patients with indwelling catheters run a high risk of acquiring C. pararugosa bloodstream infection. Therefore, special consideration should be given to opportunistic fungal infections in immunocompromised individuals using catheters. © 2023, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia.