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1H Nmr Metabolic Fingerprinting of Saffron Extracts Publisher



Yilmaz A1 ; Nyberg NT1 ; Molgaard P1 ; Asili J2 ; Jaroszewski JW1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Denmark
  2. 2. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Hezar Jerib Avenue, P.O. Box 81745-319, Iran

Source: Metabolomics Published:2010


Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore feasibility of 1H NMR metabolic fingerprinting for discrimination of authenticity of saffron using principal component analysis (PCA) modeling. Authentic reference Iranian saffron (n = 31) and commercial samples (n = 32) were used. Cross-validated PCA models based on 1H NMR spectra of solutions prepared by direct extraction of grinded saffron with methanol-d4 distinguished reference Iranian saffron samples from commercial samples that formed several distinct clusters, some of which represent falsified samples as confirmed by microscopic analysis. The production sites and drying conditions of the authentic reference Iranian samples were not reflected in the current dataset. Picrocrocin and glycosyl esters of crocetin emerged as the most important 1H NMR markers of authentic saffron by using statistical correlation spectroscopy. In conclusion, 1H NMR spectra of saffron extracts combined with pattern recognition by PCA provide immediate means of unsupervised classification of saffron samples. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
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