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Polymeric Nanoparticles for Nasal Drug Delivery to the Brain: Relevance to Alzheimer's Disease Publisher



Rabiee N1 ; Ahmadi S2, 3 ; Afshari R4 ; Khalaji S5 ; Rabiee M5 ; Bagherzadeh M1 ; Fatahi Y6, 7, 8 ; Dinarvand R6, 7 ; Tahriri M9 ; Tayebi L9 ; Hamblin MR10, 11, 12 ; Webster TJ13
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11155-3516, Iran
  2. 2. Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19857-17443, Iran
  3. 3. Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19857-17443, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14155-6451, Iran
  7. 7. Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14155-6451, Iran
  8. 8. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Developmental Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, 53233, WI, United States
  10. 10. Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
  11. 11. Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
  12. 12. Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
  13. 13. Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, 02115, MA, United States

Source: Advanced Therapeutics Published:2021


Abstract

Currently, Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for more than half of all dementia cases. Although genetics, age, and environmental factors affect the disease, the cause of AD is not yet fully known. Various drugs have been proposed for the prevention and treatment of AD, but the delivery of these therapeutic agents to the brain is difficult. The blood–brain barrier prevents systemic drugs from accessing the central nervous system and designing a suitable system to overcome this barrier has attracted much attention. The intranasal pathway, given its proximity to the brain, provides a great opportunity for drug delivery. Understanding the physiological characteristics of the nose can be useful in selecting the appropriate carrier and material. Some of the emerging vehicles used for nose-to-brain delivery of anti-AD drugs are natural (such as chitosan) and polymeric (such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and polyethylene glycol) nanoparticles (NPs). This review discusses the hypotheses for AD pathogenesis and highlights recent advances in the applications of natural and polymeric NPs for treatment. The fundamental and applied aspects of this approach for nasal drug delivery to the brain are reviewed here with thoughts on what is needed for the field to mature also provided. © 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH
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