Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Salvia Chloroleuca Aerial Extracts Publisher



Salimikia I¹ ; Monsefesfahani HR² ; Gohari AR² ; Salek M¹ Show Affiliations
Source: Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal Published:2016

Abstract

Background: Salvia, known as Maryam Goli in the Persian language, is an important genus that includes approximately900species in the Lamiaceae family. There are 58 Salvia species growing naturally in Iran, including Salvia chloroleuca Rech. f. and Allen., which grows wild in the northeastern and central parts of the country. Objectives: This study was designed to determine the chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activity, and total phenol content of various extracts of S. chloroleuca. Materials and Methods: Dried aerial parts of the plant were crushed, then sequentially extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The fractions of S. chloroleuca were subjected to silica gel column chromatography and Sephedex LH-20. The antioxidant activities of these extracts were measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and the total phenolic contents of the extracts were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Results: The separation and purification processes were carried out using different chromatographic methods. Structural elucidation wasonthe basis 1H-NMRand 13C-NMR spectral data, in comparison with that reported in the literature. The isolatedcompounds were salvigenin (1), luteolin (2), cirsiliol (3), β-sitosterol (4), and daucosterol (5). Ethyl acetate extract displayed the highest level of total antioxidants and total polyphenols compared to the other analyzed extracts (n-hexane and methanol). In the FRAP assay, ethyl acetate extract had the highest (230.4±10.5) FRAP value, followed by methanol (211.4±8.3) and n-hexane (143.4±12.04). Total phenol contents were calculated to be 13.8 ± 0.3, 58.25 ± 0.05, and 43.48 ± 0.38 mg of gallic acid/100 g in the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts, respectively. Conclusions: The above-mentioned compounds were isolated for the first time from S. chloroleuca. The antioxidant activity of this plant could be in part related to isolated flavonoids and sterols. The results of this study indicated that S. chloroleuca could be an important dietary source of phenolic compounds with high antioxidant capacity. © 2016, Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal.