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In-Hospital Mortality of Covid-19 in Iranian Children and Youth: A Multicentre Retrospective Cohort Study Publisher Pubmed



Fattahi P1, 2 ; Abdi S2 ; Saeedi E2 ; Sirous S2 ; Firuzian F3 ; Mohammadi M4 ; Taheri N2 ; Khaki M2 ; Qandian A5 ; Lotfi F2 ; Iranmehr A6 ; Nemati S2 ; Rajabpour MV2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  2. 2. Cancer Research Center, Cancer Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Emergency Medicine Management Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Communicable disease office, Deputy of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  6. 6. Neurological Surgery Department, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal of Global Health Published:2022


Abstract

Background COVID-19 presents as a mild and less severe respiratory disease among children. However, it is still lethal and could lead to death in paediatric cases. The current study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of children and young people hospitalized due to COVID-19 in Qazvin-Iran. We also investigated the risk factors of death due to COVID-19 in paediatric cases. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study on 645 children and young people (ages 0-17) hospitalized since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. The cases were confirmed with positive results of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The data were retrieved from an electronic database of demographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics. Results The median age of the admitted patients was 4.0 years, 33.6% were under 12 months old, and 53.0% were female. Fever, cough, nausea/ vomiting, dyspnoea, and myalgia were the most common symptoms presented by 50.5%, 47.6%, 24.2%, and 23.0% of the patients, respectively. Overall, we observed 16 cases of death and the in-hospital fatality rate was 2.5%. We also found comorbidity as an independent risk factor of death (odds ratio (OR) = 3.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-12.1, P-value = 0.022). Finally, we observed an increased risk of death in patients with dyspnoea (OR = 11.0, 95% CI = 2.8-43.7). Conclusion In-hospital mortality was relatively high in paediatric patients who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 in Iran. The risk of hospitalization, ICU admission, and death was higher among children with younger ages, underlying causes, and dyspnoea. © 2022,Journal of Global Health. All Rights Reserved.
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