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The Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Sleep Disturbances Among Medical Students and Resident Physicians in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Shafiee A1, 2 ; Teymouri Athar MM3 ; Seighali N2 ; Amini MJ2 ; Hajishah H4 ; Bahri RA5 ; Akhoundi A2 ; Beiky M2 ; Sarvipour N6 ; Maleki S7 ; Zandifar A8 ; Bakhtiyari M1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  2. 2. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  3. 3. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  7. 7. School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Guilan Province, Rasht, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Psychiatry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

Source: PLoS ONE Published:2024


Abstract

Background We sought to conduct this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance in Iranian medical students and resident physicians. Methods A systematic search was conducted on 23 December 2023 in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Iranian national databases. We pooled the prevalence of individual studies using the random effect model. Results Our systematic search showed 36 articles that meet the eligibility criteria. Most included studies were cross-sectional. The most used questionnaire to assess depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance were Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale—21 Items (DASS-21), and The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. The overall prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance among Iranian medical students were 43% (95%CI: 33%–53%%, I2 = 98%), 44% (95%CI: 31%–58%%, I2 = 99%), 48% (95%CI: 39%–56%%, I2 = 97%), respectively. The results of subgroup and meta-regression analyses showed questionnaires used and the place of the medical school were significantly associated with the prevalence of aforementioned outcomes. Funnel plot and Begg’s regression test did not show a significant source of funnel plot asymmetry for depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance. Conclusion In conclusion, our study showed that nearly half of the medical students had some type of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance problems. To address this serious national public health issue, efficient preventive measures, routine screenings, and prompt interventions are required. © 2024 Shafiee et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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