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A Review on Molecular Mechanisms of Antifungal Resistance in Candida Glabrata: Update and Recent Advances Publisher Pubmed



Lotfali E1 ; Fattahi A2 ; Sayyahfar S3 ; Ghasemi R4 ; Rabiei MM4 ; Fathi M4 ; Vakili K4 ; Deravi N4 ; Soheili A4 ; Toreyhi H4 ; Shirvani F5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 415, Taleqani Avenue, Tehran, 1416613675, Iran
  3. 3. Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Microbial Drug Resistance Published:2021


Abstract

Candida glabrata is the second frequent etiologic agent of mucosal and invasive candidiasis. Based on the recent developments in molecular methods, C. glabrata has been introduced as a complex composed of C. glabrata, Candida nivariensis, and Candida bracarensis. The four main classes of antifungal drugs effective against C. glabrata are pyrimidine analogs (flucytosine), azoles, echinocandins, and polyenes. Although the use of antifungal drugs is related to the predictable development of drug resistance, it is not clear why C. glabrata is able to rapidly resist against multiple antifungals in clinics. The enhanced incidence and antifungal resistance of C. glabrata and the high mortality and morbidity need more investigation regarding the resistance mechanisms and virulence associated with C. glabrata; additional progress concerning the drug resistance of C. glabrata has to be further prevented. The present review highlights the mechanism of resistance to antifungal drugs in C. glabrata. © Copyright 2021, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2021.
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