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Distribution of Invasive Fungal Infections: Molecular Epidemiology, Etiology, Clinical Conditions, Diagnosis and Risk Factors: A 3-Year Experience With 490 Patients Under Intensive Care Publisher Pubmed



Borjian Boroujeni Z1 ; Shamsaei S2 ; Yarahmadi M3 ; Getso MI4 ; Salimi Khorashad A5 ; Haghighi L2 ; Raissi V1, 3 ; Zareei M1 ; Saleh Mohammadzade A6 ; Moqarabzadeh V7 ; Soleimani A8 ; Raeisi F9 ; Mohseni M6 ; Mohseni MS10 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Borjian Boroujeni Z1
  2. Shamsaei S2
  3. Yarahmadi M3
  4. Getso MI4
  5. Salimi Khorashad A5
  6. Haghighi L2
  7. Raissi V1, 3
  8. Zareei M1
  9. Saleh Mohammadzade A6
  10. Moqarabzadeh V7
  11. Soleimani A8
  12. Raeisi F9
  13. Mohseni M6
  14. Mohseni MS10
  15. Raiesi O11
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, PMB 3011, Nigeria
  5. 5. Department of Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
  6. 6. Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. M Sc. of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Nursing and Midwifery of Dezful Islamic Azad University, Dezful, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Engineering and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch, Sari, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Parasitology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran

Source: Microbial Pathogenesis Published:2021


Abstract

Recently, the prevalence of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) is rising. The global mortality rate of IFIs is 10–49%. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, the causative agents, and the risk factors associated with the invasive fungal infections in a tertiary health center to provide valid decision-grounds for healthcare professionals to effectively prevent, control, and treat fungal infections. The current study was conducted on 1477 patients suspected to have systemic fungal infections from different units of the hospital. After screening using routine mycological examination, the patients were confirmed with complementary mycological and molecular methods. Patients were included based on the confirmed diagnosis of IFI and excluded based on lack of a microbiologically and histologically proven diagnosis of IFI. Of the 1477 patients recruited in this study, confirmed cases of fungal infection were 490 (169 proven; 321 cases probable). Among the fungi recovered, Candida species had the highest frequency 337 (68.8%) followed by Aspergillus species 108 (22.1%), Zygomycetes species 21 (4.3%), non-Candida yeast 9 (1.8%). Others were black fungi 5 (1%), mycetoma agents 5 (1%), Fusarium 4 (0.8%), and Trichoderma (0.2%). Hematologic malignancies and diabetes mellitus were the most common underlying diseases among IFI-confirmed patients. This study observed an increased frequency of invasive candidiasis with non-albicans Candida and other invasive saprophytic fungal infections. The increased rate of invasive candidiasis with non-albicans agents highlights a new perspective in the epidemiology and treatment of invasive fungal infections. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
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