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The Potential Role of Rhoa/Rock-Inhibition on Locomotor Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review of In-Vivo Studies Publisher Pubmed



Khavandegar A1 ; Ahmadi NS1 ; Mousavi MA2 ; Ramezani Z1 ; Khodadoust E1 ; Hasan Zadeh Tabatabaei MS1 ; Hasanpour Segherlou Z3 ; Zeinaddinimeymand A1 ; Nasehi F1 ; Moafi M4 ; Rayatsanati K1 ; Masoomi R1 ; Hamidi S5 ; Pourkhodadad S6 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Khavandegar A1
  2. Ahmadi NS1
  3. Mousavi MA2
  4. Ramezani Z1
  5. Khodadoust E1
  6. Hasan Zadeh Tabatabaei MS1
  7. Hasanpour Segherlou Z3
  8. Zeinaddinimeymand A1
  9. Nasehi F1
  10. Moafi M4
  11. Rayatsanati K1
  12. Masoomi R1
  13. Hamidi S5
  14. Pourkhodadad S6
  15. Rahimimovaghar V1
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. College of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  4. 4. Cell Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Neurosurgery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Pharmacy and Chemical Biology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States

Source: Spinal Cord Published:2025


Abstract

Study design: Systematic Review. Objectives: To thoroughly assess the existing literature regarding the impact of anti-RhoA/ROCK agents or procedures on functional recovery in animal models of SCI. Setting: Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection utilizing a combination of keywords. All in-vivo animal studies of acute or chronic SCI that evaluated the pharmacological effects of Rho/ROCK inhibitors in English literature were included in this study. Results: Totally, 2320 articles were identified, of which, 60 papers were included for further analysis. A total of 47 (78%) studies were conducted merely on rats, 9 (15%) on mice, 3 (5%) used both, and the remaining used other animals. Y-27632, Fasudil, C3 Transferase and its derivatives (C3-05/PEP-C3/CT04/C3bot154–182/C3bot26mer(156–181)), Ibuprofen, Electroacupuncture (EA), SiRhoA, miR-133b, miR-135-5p, miR-381, miR-30b, Statins, 17β-estradiol, β-elemene, Lentivirus-mediated PGC-1a, Repulsive guidance molecule (RGMa), Local profound hypothermia, Jisuikang (JSK), Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO), Lv-shRhoA (Notch-1 inhibitor), Anti-Ryk antibody, LINGO-antagonist, BA-210, p21Cip1/WAF1, ORL-1 antagonist, Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), Tamsulosin, AAV.ULK1.DN, and Indomethacin were the 28 reported agents/procedures with anti-RhoA/ROCK effects. The pooled SMD for BBB scores was 0.41 (p = 0.048) in the first week, 0.85 (p < 0.001) in the second week, 1.22 (p = 0.010) in the third week, and 1.53 (p = 0.001) in the fourth week. Conclusion: Of the 28 identified anti-RhoA/ROCK agents, all but two (C3bot and its derivatives and EGCG) demonstrated promising results. The results of the meta-analysis cautiously indicate a significant increase in BBB scores over time after SCI. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Spinal Cord Society 2025.
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