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Severity and Mortality of Covid-19 Infection in Hiv-Infected Individuals: Preliminary Findings From Iran Publisher



Eybpoosh S1 ; Afshari M2 ; Haghdoost AA3 ; Kazerooni PA4 ; Gouya MM5 ; Tayeri K6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
  3. 3. HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  4. 4. HIV/AIDS Control Office, Center for Communicable Disease, Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Iranian Research Center of HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran Published:2021


Abstract

Background: Higher mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is reported among some immunocompromised patients; however, the relation between immunosuppression due to HIV infection and severity of COVID-19 infection remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the severity and mortality of COVID-19 infection in HIV-infected patients. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study on all COVID-19 suspected and confirmed cases hospitlized in Iran between Febuary 19 (epidemic onset date) and April 8, 2020, whose data were recorded in the national database for Medical Care Monitoring Center. Hospitalized patients were followed from admittion to death/discharge. Patients’ HIV status was recorded based on their self report. Logistic and Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association between HIV infection and the severity (according to the Glascow-Coma Scale situation, need for intubation and hypoxemia) and mortality of COVID-19 infection, respectively. Analyses were performed separately for COVID-19 suspected and confirmed cases. Results: Out of 122 206 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) cases, 90 were HIV-positive (0.07%), with a similar mean age (Pttest= 0.750) and distrubtion of gender (PChi-square= 0.887) and nationality (PChi-square= 0.202) as HIV-negative patients. A comparable proportion of HIV-positive and HIV-negative cases were tested for COVID-19 (p= 0.170); however, the frequency of positive results was lower among HIV-positives (p= 0.038). The frequency of COVID-19 and HIV coinfection was lower than expected among confirmed cases (adjusted OR= 0.54; 95% CI: 0.29-1.02) and suspected cases (adjusted OR= 0.68; 95% CI: 0.45- 1.02), which means that the frequency of COVID-19 infection was lower among HIV-positive cases. HIV infection decreased the risk of death among confirmed (adjusted HR= 0.33; 95% CI: 0.05-2.32), suspected cases (adjusted HR= 0.81; 95% CI: 0.33-1.94), and among SARI cases (adjusted HR= 0.73; 95% CI: 0.35-1.54). Conclusion: Our findings support the concept that HIV infection was not a risk factor to increase the severity and risk of death among COVID-19 infected patients. Copyright© Iran University of Medical Sciences
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