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The Effect of Ketogenic Diet on Adipokines Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized-Controlled Trials Publisher Pubmed



Xiao GL1, 2 ; Wang T3, 4 ; Kuang J4 ; Mai WL5 ; Liu H2 ; Ma SP4 ; Sohouli MH6 ; Fatahi S7 ; Li C9 ; Zou S10
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, Luzhou, China
  2. 2. Function Center, School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical University, Sichuan, Nanchong, China
  3. 3. School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University Zhongshan Campus, No.319 Section 3, Sichuan, Luzhou, China
  4. 4. Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Sichuan, Deyang, China
  5. 5. Department of Physiology, North Sichuan Medical University, Sichuan, Nanchong, China
  6. 6. Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University,LuZhou,Sichuan, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Sichuan Province, Luzhou City, China
  10. 10. Nursing Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Beicheng Street, Sichuan, Jiangyang, Luzhou, China

Source: Acta Diabetologica Published:2024


Abstract

Background: Considering the impact of adipokines on metabolic syndrome-related disorders and even chronic illnesses, it would appear vital to look for efficient treatments for these variables. The goal of this study was to thoroughly examine how the ketogenic diet (KD) affects adipokines. Methods: Using standard keywords, the databases Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase were searched to find all controlled trials looking into how KD affected adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin). By using a random-effects model analysis, pooled weighted mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were obtained. Results: This article featured twenty-two studies. The combined results demonstrated that, as compared to the control group, leptin levels in all populations are significantly lower when KD is adhered to (WMD: − 0.14 ng/ml, 95% CI: − 8.66, − 3.61, P < 0.001). On the other hand, no discernible impact of this diet on ghrelin and adiponectin concentrations was noted. The subgroup analysis results demonstrated that the drop in leptin levels was considerably higher in persons with BMI > 30 kg/m2 and in trials that followed the KD for ≤ 8 weeks than in the other groups. Conclusions: Generally speaking, this diet can be utilized as a potentially helpful supplementary therapy to improve this adipokine, given the significance that leptin plays on numerous metabolic illnesses. © Springer-Verlag Italia S.r.l., part of Springer Nature 2024.
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