Effect of Various Ultraviolet Radiation on Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern and Related Genes Expression in Malassezia Sympodialis Publisher



Aghaei Gharehbolagh S¹ ; Salehi Z² ; Mahmoudi S^{1, 3} ; Noorbakhsh F⁴ ; Rezaie S¹ Show Affiliations
Source: Gene Reports Published:2019

Abstract

Background: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has quite diverse effects on various microorganisms. Malassezia sympodialis (M. sympodialis) has been recognized as an important member of superficial flora which commonly isolated from the human skin. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the UVA and UVB irradiation on antifungal susceptibility pattern of M. sympodialis and expression levels of related genes. Aims and objectives: To evaluate the possible effects of UV lights on M. sympodialis, the possible changes in drug resistance pattern, and gene regulations related to resistance and pathogenicity of this species. Methods: The M. sympodialis yeasts have been isolated from the skin of healthy individuals. The effect of ultraviolet irradiation was evaluated, under UVA (365 nm) and UVB (302 nm) sources separately, for 5, 20, and 30 minutes (min) at 15 cm. Then the in vitro activity testing of ketoconazole (KTC) against M. sympodialis was done. In addition, a quantitative Real Time PCR was performed for evaluation of the expression level of MSY001_1493 and Malas13 genes after UV exposure. Results: M. sympodialis yeasts showed greater resistance (MIC50) when they were exposed to both UVA and UVB for 5 and 20 min. There were no differences between the MICs of samples which were exposed to the UV for 30 min in comparison to the normal sample, without UV exposure. The expression levels of MSY001_1493 and Malas13 genes distinctly increased after 5 and 20 min (P < 0.05) while the expression levels of mentioned genes have not changed in M. sympodialis, when were exposed to UVA and UVB for 30 min (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The obtained results of the present study shows the importance of proper duration of UV radiation on reducing drug susceptibility and progress towards the pathogenicity of M. sympodialis. In addition, UV radiation could has effect on related gene expression, which could effect on the intensity of pathogenicity of this Malassezia species. © 2019 Elsevier Inc.