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Plant-Based Vaccines and Cancer Therapy: Where Are We Now and Where Are We Going? Publisher Pubmed



Rahimian N1 ; Miraei HR2 ; Amiri A3 ; Ebrahimi MS4 ; Nahand JS5 ; Tarrahimofrad H6 ; Hamblin MR7 ; Khan H8 ; Mirzaei H9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashahd, Iran
  4. 4. School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
  8. 8. Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
  9. 9. Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

Source: Pharmacological Research Published:2021


Abstract

Therapeutic vaccines are an effective approach in cancer therapy for treating the disease at later stages. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved the first therapeutic cancer vaccine, and further studies are ongoing in clinical trials. These are expected to result in the future development of vaccines with relatively improved efficacy. Several vaccination approaches are being studied in pre-clinical and clinical trials, including the generation of anti-cancer vaccines by plant expression systems.This approach has advantages, such as high safety and low costs, especially for the synthesis of recombinant proteins. Nevertheless, the development of anti-cancer vaccines in plants is faced with some technical obstacles.Herein, we summarize some vaccines that have been used in cancer therapy, with an emphasis on plant-based vaccines. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd