Investigation of Kir/Hla Relationship and Other Clinical Variables After T-Cell-Replete Haploidentical Bone Marrow Transplantation in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Aml) Publisher Pubmed



Bakhtiari T¹ ; Ahmadvand M² ; Yaghmaie M³ ; Sadeghi A⁴ ; Mousavi SA² ; Rostami T⁵ ; Ganjalikhanihakemi M^{1, 6} Show Affiliations
Source: BMC Immunology Published:2023

Abstract

Background: KIR/HLA mismatch in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), particularly in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), was related to decreased recurrence rates, improved engraftment, and a reduction in graft-versus-host disease, according to recent research (GVHD). Uncertainty exists about the impact of KIR/HLA mismatch on haploidentical-HSCTs treated with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy). We attempted to analyze the effects of KIR/HLA mismatch on clinical outcomes on transplant outcomes using the cohort of 54 AML patients who received a haplo-HSCT with PTCy. Results: In contrast to KIR/HLA match, our findings showed that donor KIR/HLA mismatch was substantially associated with superior OS (HR, 2.92; (P = 0.04)). Moreover, donor KIR/HLA mismatch (KIR2DS1D/C2+R and KIR2DS2D/C1+R mismatch versus KIR2DL1D/C2−R mm, KIR2DL2/3D/C1−R mm and KIR3DL1D/Bw4− mm) was correlated with the improvements in OS (HR, 0.74; P = 0.085) and activating. KIR/HLA mismatch versus KIR/HLA match was significantly correlated with improvements in OS (HR,.46; P = 0.03) and inhibitory. KIR/HLA mismatch versus KIR/HLA match was enhancement in the OS (HR,.93; P = 0.06). Despite a higher rate of aGvHD (grade I-IV) in the patients with KIR/HLA mismatch compared to KIR/HLA matched (57% vs. 33% (p = 0.04). However, the KIR/HLA mismatch group saw a decreased relapse rate (3.2% vs. 23%, p = 0.04). Conclusion: This analysis shows the significance of KIR/HLA Incompatibility, other clinical variables like CMV, the relationship between donor/recipient and donor age, and the relationship between donor/recipient and donor age in the haplo-donor selection process. It also suggests that KIR and HLA mismatching between donor and recipient could be routinely performed for haplo-donor selection and may improve clinical outcomes after haplo-HSCTs with PTCy. © 2023, The Author(s).