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Efficacy and Safety of Arbidol (Umifenovir) in Patients With Covid-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Amani B1 ; Amani B1 ; Zareei S3 ; Zareei M4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Health Management and Economics Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Immunity# Inflammation and Disease Published:2021


Abstract

Objective: To provide the latest evidence for the efficacy and safety of arbidol (umifenovir) in COVID-19 treatment. Methods: A literature systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and medRxiv up to May 2021. The Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle–Ottawa scale were used to assess the quality of included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3. Results: Sixteen studies were met the inclusion criteria. No significant difference was observed between arbidol and non-antiviral treatment groups neither for primary outcomes, including the negative rate of PCR (NR-PCR) on Day 7 (risk ratio [RR]: 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78–1.14) and Day 14 (RR: 1.10; 95% CI: 0.96–1.25), and PCR negative conversion time (PCR-NCT; mean difference [MD]: 0.74; 95% CI: −0.87 to 2.34), nor secondary outcomes (p >.05). However, arbidol was associated with higher adverse events (RR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.06–4.73). Compared with lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol showed better efficacy for primary outcomes (p <.05). Adding arbidol to lopinavir/ritonavir also led to better efficacy in terms of NR-PCR on Day 7 and PCR-NCT (p <.05). There was no significant difference between arbidol and chloroquine in primary outcomes (p >.05). No remarkable therapeutic effect was observed between arbidol and other agents (p >.05). Conclusion: The present meta-analysis showed no significant benefit of using arbidol compared with non-antiviral treatment or other therapeutic agents against COVID-19 disease. High-quality studies are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of arbidol for COVID-19. © 2021 The Authors. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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