A Comprehensive Review of the Potential Outcomes of Exposure to Tobacco Smoke or Secondhand Smoke Publisher



Mh Dehghani Mohammad HADI ; P Bashardoust PARNIA ; D Nayeri DANIAL ; M Rezvani Ghalhari MOHAMMAD ; Nb Yazdi Niloofar BORHANI ; F Jajarmi FARZANEH ; Rr Karri Rama RAO ; Nm Mubarak N M
Source: Published:2024

Abstract

In recent decades, there has been increasing apprehension regarding the potential outcomes of exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS). This is because SHS is a prevalent indoor air pollutant in numerous countries. SHS, or environmental tobacco smoke, has been identified as a well-established risk factor for developing human pulmonary cancer. The complex nature of the potential negative health outcomes resulting from human exposure to SHS is contingent upon temporal fluctuations in the source, composition, and concentration of SHS within the surrounding environment. Additional consequences associated with exposure to tobacco smoke include asthma, breast cancer, ischemic heart disease, stroke, otitis media, lower respiratory tract infection, and mortality. To date, it has been established that there exists no level of exposure to tobacco smoke that can be deemed safe. Consequently, numerous regulatory agencies have advocated for implementing efficacious measures aimed at safeguarding individuals from exposure to SHS. The present chapter places significant emphasis on the chemical composition of tobacco, the concentration of heavy metals in tobacco smoke, the health consequences associated with exposure to SHS, and the preventive measures that can be adopted to mitigate these risks. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.