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Subgroups With Metabolic Syndrome Show Different Association With Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke; Findings of Iran Steps Survey 2021 Publisher Pubmed



Koolaji S ; Azadnajafabad S ; Yoosefi M ; Ahmadi N ; Golestani A ; Ghasemi E ; Dilmaghanimarand A ; Rezaei N ; Kazemi A ; Rezaei N ; Farzi Y ; Rezaee K ; Derouei AA ; Nasserinejad M Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Koolaji S
  2. Azadnajafabad S
  3. Yoosefi M
  4. Ahmadi N
  5. Golestani A
  6. Ghasemi E
  7. Dilmaghanimarand A
  8. Rezaei N
  9. Kazemi A
  10. Rezaei N
  11. Farzi Y
  12. Rezaee K
  13. Derouei AA
  14. Nasserinejad M
  15. Abdolhamidi E
  16. Rashidi MM
  17. Haghshenas R
  18. Nia Rankohi AM
  19. Djalalinia S
  20. Razi F
  21. Larijani B
  22. Farzdafar F

Source: Journal of the American Heart Association Published:2025


Abstract

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as clustering of 3 or more of 5 metabolic risk factors in an individual. It has been greatly using in clinical practice; although some research illustrated that it might not act as a homogenous disorder in association with cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we aimed to investigate its prevalence and association with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke. METHODS: Using Iran STEPS (STEPwise Approach to NCD [Noncommunicable Diseases] Risk Factor Surveillance) Survey 2021, the prevalence and association of MetS, with prevalence of IHD and stroke was assessed. Given the definition of MetS, it includes 16 combinations (clusters) of 5 risk factors; we aggregated them into 6 groups and evaluated their association with prevalence of IHD and stroke. RESULTS: Overall, 54.19% of total population had MetS, where the most prevalent criterion was elevated waist circumference. MetS was associated with 1.70 times greater adjusted odds ratio (OR) of IHD prevalence (95% CI, 1.40–2.07). A closer look reveals that the greatest OR of IHD prevalence was observed in individuals with all 5 risk factors or 4 risk factors including both elevated blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose with ORs of 6.69 (3.52–12.68) and 6.38 (3.38–12.03), respectively, compared with individuals with none of the risk factors (0 components). CONCLUSIONS: The association of MetS cluster with IHD and stroke prevalence varied. In addition to the dose–response relationship, the clusters characterized by both elevated BP and FPG are the most critical for targeting preventive and therapeutic measures. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
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