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Global Mortality From Dementia: Application of a Newmethod and Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 Publisher



Nichols E1 ; Abdallah F2 ; Abdoli A3 ; Abosetugn AE4 ; Abrha WA5 ; Abualhasan A2 ; Abugharbieh E6 ; Akinyemi RO7, 8 ; Alahdab F9 ; Alanezi FM10 ; Alipour V11, 12 ; Ansari I13 ; Arabloo J11 ; Ashrafganjouei A14 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Nichols E1
  2. Abdallah F2
  3. Abdoli A3
  4. Abosetugn AE4
  5. Abrha WA5
  6. Abualhasan A2
  7. Abugharbieh E6
  8. Akinyemi RO7, 8
  9. Alahdab F9
  10. Alanezi FM10
  11. Alipour V11, 12
  12. Ansari I13
  13. Arabloo J11
  14. Ashrafganjouei A14
  15. Avan A15
  16. Ayano G16
  17. Babar ZUD17
  18. Baig AA18
  19. Banach M19, 20
  20. Barboza MA21, 22
  21. Barkercollo SL23
  22. Baune BT24, 25
  23. Srikanth Bhagavathula A26, 27
  24. Bhattacharyya K28, 29
  25. Bijani A30
  26. Biondi A31
  27. Birhan TA32
  28. Biswas A33
  29. Bolla SR34
  30. Boloor A35
  31. Brayne C36
  32. Brenner H37
  33. Burkart K1, 38
  34. Burns RA39
  35. Nagaraja SB40
  36. Carvalho F41
  37. Castrodearaujo LFS42
  38. Catalalopez F43, 44
  39. Cerin E45, 46
  40. Cernigliaro A244
  41. Cherbuin N39
  42. Jasmine Choi JY47
  43. Chu DT48
  44. Dagnew B49
  45. Dai X1
  46. Dandona L1, 50, 51
  47. Dandona R1, 38, 50
  48. Diaz D52, 53
  49. Dibaji Forooshani ZS54
  50. Douiri A55
  51. Duncan BB56
  52. Edvardsson D57, 58
  53. Eljaafary SI2
  54. Eskandari K59, 60
  55. Eskandarieh S61
  56. Feigin VL1, 62, 63
  57. Fereshtehnejad SM64, 65
  58. Fernandes E66
  59. Ferrara P67
  60. Filip I68, 69
  61. Fischer F70
  62. Gaidhane S71
  63. Gebregzabiher KZ5
  64. Ghashghaee A11, 72
  65. Gholamian A73, 74
  66. Gnedovskaya EV75
  67. Golechha M76
  68. Gupta R77, 78
  69. Hachinski V79, 80
  70. Hamidi S81
  71. Hankey GJ82, 83
  72. Haro JM84, 85
  73. Hassan A2
  74. Hay SI138
  75. Heidari G86
  76. Heidarisoureshjani R87
  77. Househ M88
  78. Hussain R89
  79. Hwang BF90
  80. Ilic IM91
  81. Ilic MD92
  82. Naghibi Irvani SS93
  83. Iso H94
  84. Iwagami M95, 96
  85. Jha RP97, 98
  86. Kalani R99
  87. Kandel H100, 101
  88. Karch A102
  89. Kasa AS103
  90. Kengne AP104, 105
  91. Kim YE106
  92. Kim YJ107
  93. Kisa S108
  94. Kisa A109, 110
  95. Kivimaki M111, 112
  96. Komaki H113, 114
  97. Kukull WA117
  98. Kumar GA50
  99. Kumar M118, 119
  100. Landires I120, 121
  101. Leonardi M122
  102. Lim SS138
  103. Liu X123
  104. Logroscino G124, 125
  105. Lopez AD1, 38, 126
  106. Lorkowski S127, 128
  107. Loy CT129, 130
  108. Amin HIM131, 132
  109. Manafi N133, 134
  110. Manjunatha N135
  111. Mehndiratta MM136, 137
  112. Menezes RG138
  113. Meretoja A139, 140
  114. Merkin A62
  115. Metekiya WM141
  116. Misganaw AT38, 142
  117. Mohajer B143
  118. Ibrahim NM144
  119. Mohammad Y145
  120. Mohapatra A146
  121. Mohebi F143, 147
  122. Mokdad AH1, 38
  123. Mondello S148
  124. Mossie TB149
  125. Mulugeta A150, 151
  126. Nagel G152
  127. Naveed M153
  128. Nayak VC154
  129. Kandel SN155
  130. Nguyen SH156
  131. Nguyen HLT157
  132. Nunezsamudio V121, 158
  133. Ogbo FA159
  134. Olagunju AT160, 161
  135. Orru H162, 163
  136. Ostojic SM164
  137. Ostroff SM1, 165
  138. Otstavnov N166
  139. Otstavnov SS166, 167
  140. Owolabi MO168, 169
  141. Pathak M170
  142. Toroudi HP171, 172
  143. Peterson CB173
  144. Pham HQ157
  145. Phillips MR174, 175
  146. Piradov MA63
  147. Pottoo FH176
  148. Prada SI177, 178
  149. Angga Pribadi DR179
  150. Radfar A180
  151. Raggi A122
  152. Rahim F181, 182
  153. Ram P183
  154. Rana J184, 185
  155. Rashedi V186
  156. Rawaf S187, 188
  157. Rawaf DL189, 190
  158. Reinig N1
  159. Rezaei N191, 192
  160. Robinson SR193
  161. Romoli M194, 195
  162. Sachdev PS196, 197
  163. Sahathevan R140, 198
  164. Sahebkar A199, 200
  165. Sahraian MA61
  166. Sattin D122
  167. Saylan M201
  168. Sayyah M202
  169. Schiavolin S122
  170. Schmidt MI56
  171. Shahid I203
  172. Shaikh MA204
  173. Shigematsu M205
  174. Shin JI206
  175. Shiri R207
  176. Siddiqi TJ208
  177. Silva JP41
  178. Singh JA209, 210
  179. Soheili A211
  180. Spurlock EE1
  181. Szoeke CEI212, 213
  182. Tabaresseisdedos R214, 215
  183. Taddele BW216
  184. Thakur B217, 218
  185. Thekke Purakkal AS219
  186. Tovanipalone MR220, 221
  187. Tran BX222
  188. Travillian RS1
  189. Tripathi M223
  190. Tsegaye GW224
  191. Usman MS225
  192. Vacante M31
  193. Velazquez DZ53
  194. Venketasubramanian N226, 227
  195. Vidale S228, 229
  196. Vlassov V230
  197. Wang YP231
  198. Wei J232
  199. Weiss J233
  200. Weldemariam AH5
  201. Wimo A234
  202. Wu C235, 236
  203. Yadollahpour A237
  204. Yamagishi K238, 239
  205. Yeshitila YG240
  206. Yonemoto N241, 242
  207. Zadey S236
  208. Zhang ZJ243
  209. Murray CJL138
  210. Vos T1, 38
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  2. 2. Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  3. 3. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Public Health, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
  5. 5. Department of Adult Health Nursing, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia
  6. 6. Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  7. 7. Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  8. 8. Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
  9. 9. Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, MN, United States
  10. 10. Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  11. 11. Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  12. 12. Health Economics Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  13. 13. Medical Students Research Committee, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
  14. 14. Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  15. 15. Department of Public Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  16. 16. School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
  17. 17. Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
  18. 18. Unit of Biochemistry, Sultan Zainal Abidin University (Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin), Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
  19. 19. Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
  20. 20. Polish Mothers’ Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
  21. 21. Department of Neurosciences, Costa Rican Department of Social Security, San Jose, Costa Rica
  22. 22. School of Medicine, University of Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
  23. 23. School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
  24. 24. Department of Psychiatry, University of Munster, Munster, Germany
  25. 25. Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, Melbourne, Australia
  26. 26. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralova, Czech Republic
  27. 27. Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
  28. 28. Department of Statistical and Computational Genomics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India
  29. 29. Department of Statistics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
  30. 30. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  31. 31. Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
  32. 32. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  33. 33. Department of Neurology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research and Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial Hospital, Kolkata, India
  34. 34. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan City, Kazakhstan
  35. 35. Department of Internal Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
  36. 36. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  37. 37. Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
  38. 38. Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  39. 39. Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
  40. 40. Department of Community Medicine, Employee State Insurance Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bangalore, India
  41. 41. Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  42. 42. Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  43. 43. National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
  44. 44. Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
  45. 45. Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  46. 46. School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  47. 47. Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
  48. 48. Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  49. 49. Department of Human Physiology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  50. 50. Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
  51. 51. Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
  52. 52. Center of Complexity Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
  53. 53. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan Rosales, Mexico
  54. 54. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  55. 55. School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
  56. 56. Postgraduate Programin Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
  57. 57. School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  58. 58. Department of Nursing, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
  59. 59. Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  60. 60. Pharmaceutics Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  61. 61. Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  62. 62. National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
  63. 63. Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russian Federation
  64. 64. Department of Neurobiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
  65. 65. Division of Neurology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
  66. 66. Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  67. 67. Research Center on Public Health, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
  68. 68. Psychiatry Department, Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, CA, United States
  69. 69. School of Health Sciences, Still University, Mesa, AZ, United States
  70. 70. Institute of Gerontological Health Services and Nursing Research, Ravensburg-Weingarten University of Applied Sciences, Weingarten, Germany
  71. 71. Department of Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Science, Wardha, India
  72. 72. Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  73. 73. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
  74. 74. Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  75. 75. Third Department of Neurology, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russian Federation
  76. 76. Health Systems and Policy Research, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, India
  77. 77. Department of Preventive Cardiology, Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute, Jaipur, India
  78. 78. Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi University Medical Sciences, Jaipur, India
  79. 79. Clinical Neurological Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
  80. 80. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
  81. 81. School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
  82. 82. Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
  83. 83. Department of Neurology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
  84. 84. Research Unit, University of Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
  85. 85. Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Barcelona, Spain
  86. 86. Independent Consultant, Santa Clara, CA, United States
  87. 87. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  88. 88. College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
  89. 89. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
  90. 90. Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
  91. 91. Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  92. 92. Department of Epidemiology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
  93. 93. Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  94. 94. Public Health Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
  95. 95. Department of Health Services Research, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
  96. 96. Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
  97. 97. Department of Community Medicine, Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Delhi, India
  98. 98. Department of Community Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
  99. 99. Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  100. 100. Ophthalmology Department, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  101. 101. Ophthalmology Department, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  102. 102. Institute for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Munster, Munster, Germany
  103. 103. Department of Adult Health Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  104. 104. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, Medical Research Council South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
  105. 105. Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
  106. 106. BigData Department, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, South Korea
  107. 107. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia
  108. 108. Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
  109. 109. School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
  110. 110. Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
  111. 111. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  112. 112. Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
  113. 113. Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  114. 114. Brain Engineering Research Center, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  115. 115. CIBERSAM, San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
  116. 116. Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
  117. 117. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  118. 118. Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
  119. 119. Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  120. 120. Unit of Genetics and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
  121. 121. Ministry of Health, Herrera, Panama
  122. 122. Neurology Public Health and Disability Unit, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute IRCCS, Milan, Italy
  123. 123. Department of Systems, Populations and Leadership, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
  124. 124. Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari AldoMoro, Bari, Italy
  125. 125. Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Fondazione Cardinale Giovanni Panico Hospital, Tricase, Italy
  126. 126. Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  127. 127. Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
  128. 128. Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Jena, Germany
  129. 129. Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  130. 130. The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  131. 131. Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
  132. 132. Chemistry Department, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
  133. 133. School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  134. 134. School of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
  135. 135. Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengalore, India
  136. 136. Neurology Department, Janakpuri Super Specialty Hospital Society, New Delhi, India
  137. 137. Department of Neurology, Govind Ballabh Institute of Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
  138. 138. Forensic Medicine Division, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  139. 139. Neurology Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
  140. 140. School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  141. 141. Department of Psychiatry, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
  142. 142. National Data Management Center, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  143. 143. Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  144. 144. Department of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Medical Center, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
  145. 145. Internal Medicine Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  146. 146. Epidemiology Department, GRID Council, Bhubaneswar, India
  147. 147. National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  148. 148. Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-functional Imaging, Messina University, Messina, Italy
  149. 149. Department of Psychiatry, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  150. 150. Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  151. 151. Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  152. 152. Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
  153. 153. Department of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
  154. 154. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  155. 155. Bupa Clemton Park, Bupa, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  156. 156. Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
  157. 157. Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  158. 158. Unit of Microbiology and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
  159. 159. Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  160. 160. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
  161. 161. Department of Psychiatry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
  162. 162. Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
  163. 163. Section of Sustainable Health, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
  164. 164. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
  165. 165. Henry M Jackson School of International Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  166. 166. Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
  167. 167. Department of Project Management, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
  168. 168. Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  169. 169. Department of Medicine, University College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  170. 170. Research and Development Department, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
  171. 171. Department of Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  172. 172. Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  173. 173. Gerontology, Dementia and Digital Health, Copenhagen, Denmark
  174. 174. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
  175. 175. Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
  176. 176. Department of Pharmacology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  177. 177. Clinical Research Center, Valle del Lili Foundation (Centro de Investigaciones Clinicas, Fundacion Valle del Lili), Cali, Colombia
  178. 178. PROESA, ICESI University (Centro PROESA Universidad ICESI), Cali, Colombia
  179. 179. Health Sciences Department, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, Sukoharjo, Indonesia
  180. 180. College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
  181. 181. Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  182. 182. Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  183. 183. Department of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
  184. 184. Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  185. 185. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
  186. 186. Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  187. 187. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
  188. 188. Academic Public Health England, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
  189. 189. WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
  190. 190. University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
  191. 191. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  192. 192. Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
  193. 193. Department of Psychology, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
  194. 194. Department of Neuroscience, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
  195. 195. Department of Neurology, Rimini ‘Infermi’ Hospital AUSL Romagna, Rimini, Italy
  196. 196. School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
  197. 197. Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
  198. 198. Internal Medicine Servcies, Ballarat Health Service, Ballarat, VIC, Australia
  199. 199. Halal Research Center of IRI, Food and Drug Administration of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  200. 200. Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  201. 201. Market Access, Bayer, Istanbul, Turkey
  202. 202. Education Development Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  203. 203. Department of Internal Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
  204. 204. Independent Consultant, Karachi, Pakistan
  205. 205. National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
  206. 206. College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
  207. 207. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
  208. 208. Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
  209. 209. School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
  210. 210. Medicine Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Birmingham, AL, United States
  211. 211. Nursing Care Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
  212. 212. Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  213. 213. The Brain Institute, Australian Healthy Ageing Organisation, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  214. 214. Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
  215. 215. Carlos III Health Institute, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Madrid, Spain
  216. 216. Department of Pharmacy, Arbaminch College of Health Sciences, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
  217. 217. Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Texas Tech University, El Paso, TX, United States
  218. 218. Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC) and CSP Coordinating Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
  219. 219. Disease Burden Department, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
  220. 220. Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
  221. 221. Modestum LTD, London, United Kingdom
  222. 222. Department of Health Economics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  223. 223. Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
  224. 224. College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  225. 225. Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
  226. 226. Raffles Neuroscience Centre, Raffles Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
  227. 227. Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  228. 228. Department of Neurology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy
  229. 229. Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, Sant’Anna Hospital, Como, Italy
  230. 230. Department of Health Care Administration and Economics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
  231. 231. Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  232. 232. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
  233. 233. Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkley, CA, United States
  234. 234. Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
  235. 235. Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
  236. 236. Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
  237. 237. Psychology Department, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
  238. 238. Research and Development Center for Health Services, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
  239. 239. Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
  240. 240. Department of Nursing, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
  241. 241. Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
  242. 242. Department of Public Health, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
  243. 243. School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
  244. 244. Regional Epidemiological Observatory Department, Sicilian Regional Health Authority, Palermo, Italy

Source: Alzheimer's and Dementia: Translational Research and Clinical Interventions Published:2021


Abstract

Introduction: Dementia is currently one of the leading causes of mortality globally, and mortality due to dementia will likely increase in the future along with corresponding increases in population growth and population aging. However, large inconsistencies in coding practices in vital registration systems over time and between countries complicate the estimation of global dementia mortality. Methods: We meta-analyzed the excess risk of death in those with dementia and multiplied these estimates by the proportion of dementia deaths occurring in those with severe, end-stage disease to calculate the total number of deaths that could be attributed to dementia. Results: We estimated that there were 1.62 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 0.41-4.21) deaths globally due to dementia in 2019. More dementia deaths occurred in women (1.06 million [0.27-2.71]) than men (0.56 million [0.14-1.51]), largely but not entirely due to the higher life expectancy in women (age-standardized female-tomale ratio 1.19 [1.10-1.26]). Due to population aging, there was a large increase in allage mortality rates from dementia between 1990 and 2019 (100.1% [89.1-117.5]). In 2019, deaths due to dementia ranked seventh globally in all ages and fourth among individuals 70 and older compared to deaths from other diseases estimated in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Discussion: Mortality due to dementia represents a substantial global burden, and is expected to continue to grow into the future as an older, aging population expands globally. © 2021 The Authors.