Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor for Prostate Specific Antigen Based on a V2c Mxene Quantum Dots/Au-Chitosan-Pectin Film and Ti3c2@Cuau-Ldh Labels Publisher



Safarpoor M ; Dinarvand R ; Asfaram A ; Ghaedi M
Source: Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research Published:2026

Abstract

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is routinely measured in clinical laboratories, yet detecting it at very low concentrations is remains difficult for many commonly used assays. In this study, we developed an electrochemical immunosensor using a sandwich-type configuration that combines V2C MXene quantum dots (V2C MXene QDs) with Ti3C2@CuAu-LDH nanostructures. These materials were incorporated into a chitosan–pectin film, which provided a stable surface for antibody attachment and supported the electrochemical response. Several electrochemical measurements were used to examine the assembly of the sensing layers and the behavior of the electrode. Under optimized conditions, the sensor detected PSA at concentrations as low as 0.375 fg mL−1 and showed a linear response from 4.0 fg mL−1 to 0.50 pg mL−1. Recovery tests performed with serum and plasma samples produced values close to the expected amounts generally ranging from 99 to 102% indicating that the sensor performs reliably in these biological matrices. Taken together, the results suggest that MXene based hybrid structures, when combined with a simple biopolymer matrix, can support the development of sensitive PSA detection tools that perform reliably in spiked biological matrices and show strong potential for future clinical application. © 2026 The Authors.