Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High-Consumption Soft Drinks and Non-Alcoholic Beers in Iran: Monitoring, Monte Carlo Simulations and Human Health Risk Assessment

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High-Consumption Soft Drinks and Non-Alcoholic Beers in Iran: Monitoring, Monte Carlo Simulations and Human Health Risk Assessment Publisher

Azari A^{1, 2} ; Abtahi M^{1, 3} ; Dobaradaran S^{4, 5, 6} ; Saeedi R^{1, 7} ; Reza Yari A⁸ ; Hossein Vaziri M^{1, 7} ; Ali Razavinasab S² ; Malakoutian M⁹ ; Yaghmaeain K¹⁰ ; Jaafarzadeh N¹¹

Show Affiliations

1. Workplace Health Promotion Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2. Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
3. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4. Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
5. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
6. Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
7. Department of Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE), School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
8. Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
9. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
10. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
11. Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

Source: Microchemical Journal Published:2023

Abstract

The present study has focused on measuring the level of 16 PAHs in soft drinks and non-alcoholic beers and their health risk using the MSPE/GC–MS (magnetic solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) method. The average of extraction recoveries (ER) was obtained between 73.048% and 99.879%. The mean concentration of ∑16PAH and ∑8PAHs were 0.702 ± 0.078 ppb and 0.196 ± 0.016 ppb in soft drinks and 1.315 ± 0.199 ppb and 0.288 ± 0.021 ppb in the non-alcoholic beer samples, respectively. The measured BaP for a soft drink (0.00856 ppb) and non-alcoholic beer (0.0197 ppb) were far below the U.S. EPA standard for drinking water quality (0.2 ppb). The TEQBaP of soft drinks (0.039 ppb) was lower than non-alcoholic beer samples (0.061 ppb). The Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) results showed the THQ 95th percentiles of PAHs for soft drink samples in the adult and children were calculated as 9.497E-04 and 2.221E-03, while these amounts for non-alcoholic beer samples in children and adults were 3.341E-03 and 1.430E-03, respectively. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) values for adults and children were also 2.841E-07 and 1.328E-06 in soft drinks and 4.273E-07 and 1.996E-06 in non-alcoholic beer samples, respectively. The values of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of the 16 PAHs in high-consumption soft drinks and non-alcoholic beers in Iran were in the acceptable ranges (hazard quotient < 1 and ILCR 〈1 0 −6). © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

Related Docs

View other Related Docs

1. Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) in Bottled Water Samples (Non-Carbonated, Mineral, Carbonated and Carbonated Flavored Water) in Tehran With Mspe-Gc/Ms Method: A Health Risk Assessment, Applied Biological Chemistry (2022)

2. Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment in Yogurt and Butter in Iran, Food Science and Nutrition (2021)

3. Health Risk Assessment of Pahs in Fruit Juice Samples Marketed in City of Tehran, Iran, Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2023)

4. The Measurement of Pahs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) in Ice Cream and Cream Samples by Mspe (Mwcnts-Fe3o4/Ag)-Gc/Ms Method: A Risk Assessment Study, Microchemical Journal (2025)

5. Measurement of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) in Edible Mushrooms (Raw, Grilled and Fried) Using Mspe-Gc/Ms Method: A Risk Assessment Study, Applied Biological Chemistry (2021)

6. Levels of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Milk and Milk Powder Samples and Their Likely Risk Assessment in Iranian Population, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis (2020)

7. Investigating the Effect of Type of Fish and Different Cooking Methods on the Residual Amount of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) in Some Iranian Fish: A Health Risk Assessment, Food Chemistry: X (2023)

8. The Analysis and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Cereal Products, Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2022)

Experts (# of related papers)

View all Related Experts

Nabi Shariatifar (18)

Mohammadhadi Dehghani Tafti (4)

Style	Citing Format
MLA	Azari A, et al.. "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High-Consumption Soft Drinks and Non-Alcoholic Beers in Iran: Monitoring, Monte Carlo Simulations and Human Health Risk Assessment." Microchemical Journal, vol. 191, no. , 2023, pp. -.
APA	Azari A, Abtahi M, Dobaradaran S, Saeedi R, Reza Yari A, Hossein Vaziri M, Ali Razavinasab S, Malakoutian M, Yaghmaeain K, Jaafarzadeh N (2023). Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High-Consumption Soft Drinks and Non-Alcoholic Beers in Iran: Monitoring, Monte Carlo Simulations and Human Health Risk Assessment. Microchemical Journal, 191(), -.
Chicago	Azari A, Abtahi M, Dobaradaran S, Saeedi R, Reza Yari A, Hossein Vaziri M, Ali Razavinasab S, Malakoutian M, Yaghmaeain K, Jaafarzadeh N. "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High-Consumption Soft Drinks and Non-Alcoholic Beers in Iran: Monitoring, Monte Carlo Simulations and Human Health Risk Assessment." Microchemical Journal 191, no. (2023): -.
Harvard	Azari A et al. (2023) 'Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High-Consumption Soft Drinks and Non-Alcoholic Beers in Iran: Monitoring, Monte Carlo Simulations and Human Health Risk Assessment', Microchemical Journal, 191(), pp. -.
Vancouver	Azari A, Abtahi M, Dobaradaran S, Saeedi R, Reza Yari A, Hossein Vaziri M, et al.. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High-Consumption Soft Drinks and Non-Alcoholic Beers in Iran: Monitoring, Monte Carlo Simulations and Human Health Risk Assessment. Microchemical Journal. 2023;191():-.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Azari A and Abtahi M and Dobaradaran S and Saeedi R and Reza Yari A and Hossein Vaziri M and Ali Razavinasab S and Malakoutian M and Yaghmaeain K and Jaafarzadeh N}, title = {Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High-Consumption Soft Drinks and Non-Alcoholic Beers in Iran: Monitoring, Monte Carlo Simulations and Human Health Risk Assessment}, journal = {Microchemical Journal}, volume = {191}, number = {}, pages = {-}, year = {2023} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Azari A AU - Abtahi M AU - Dobaradaran S AU - Saeedi R AU - Reza Yari A AU - Hossein Vaziri M AU - Ali Razavinasab S AU - Malakoutian M AU - Yaghmaeain K AU - Jaafarzadeh N TI - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in High-Consumption Soft Drinks and Non-Alcoholic Beers in Iran: Monitoring, Monte Carlo Simulations and Human Health Risk Assessment JO - Microchemical Journal VL - 191 IS - SP - EP - PY - 2023 ER -

Science Communicator Platform

Authors

Authors Affiliations

Abstract