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Sox2 and Bcl-2 As a Novel Prognostic Value in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Publisher Pubmed



Hosseinikhah Z1, 2 ; Babaei MR3 ; Tehrani M4, 5 ; Cucchiarini M6 ; Madry H6 ; Ajami A5, 7 ; Rakhshani N8 ; Rafiei A5, 7 ; Nikbin B9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 48166-33131, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, 55469-14177, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Interventional Radiology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 15937-47811, Iran
  4. 4. Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 48166-33131, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 48471-91628, Iran
  6. 6. Center of Experimental Orthopedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, Homburg, D-66421, Germany
  7. 7. Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 48471-91628, Iran
  8. 8. Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 15937-47811, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14177-55469, Iran

Source: Current Oncology Published:2021


Abstract

Sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) is a stem cell transcription factor and a major regulator of self-renewal and pluripotency of cancer stem cells (CSCs). In many types of cancer, SOX2 is dysregulated due to overexpression associated with tumor progression and low survival rate. Many HCC cases encounter recurrence and metastasis which might be due to CSCs and also apoptosis. Since little is known about the expression pattern of SOX2 and apoptotic genes in HCC, we aimed to determine the prognostic significance of SOX2, Bax, and Bcl-2 in clinicopathological features, tumor progression, and survival rate of the HCC patients. The expression of SOX2, Bax, and Bcl-2 were evaluated using qRT-PCR in 53 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues (FFPE) of patients and 44 controls. Correlation of these genes was analyzed with clinicopathological features and tumor progression. The correlationship between SOX2 expression and ALBI grade as prognostic indicators were calculated. Survival rates were determined by Kaplan–Meier survival curves. SOX2 and Bcl-2 were remarkably overexpressed in HCC patients compared to controls (p = 0.04 and p = 0.003, respectively). A significant association was found for both SOX2 and Bcl-2 overexpression with TNM staging (p = 0.02, p = 0.04) and tumor grading (p = 0.01, p = 0.003), respectively. A significant correlation was observed: patients with SOX2 overexpression had a lower 5-year overall survival rate (p = 0.04); however, there was no significant association between Bcl-2 and survival (p = 0.5). Collectively, overexpression of SOX2 and Bcl-2, alone or combined, may be a potential marker to evaluate prognosis and response to HCC treatment. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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