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Treatment With 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 (Calcifediol) Is Associated With a Reduction in the Blood Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio Marker of Disease Severity in Hospitalized Patients With Covid-19: A Pilot Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blinded Clinical Trial Publisher Pubmed



Maghbooli Z1 ; Sahraian MA1 ; Jamalimoghadamsiahkali S2 ; Asadi A3 ; Zarei A4 ; Zendehdel A5 ; Varzandi T1 ; Mohammadnabi S1 ; Alijani N6 ; Karimi M4 ; Shirvani A7 ; Holick MF7
Authors

Source: Endocrine Practice Published:2021


Abstract

Objective: The goal of this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of oral 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) in improving vitamin D status in vitamin D–deficient/vitamin D–insufficient patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus. Methods: This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Participants were recruited from 3 hospitals that are affiliated to [Institution Blinded for Review] and [Institution Blinded for Review]. Results: A total 106 hospitalized patients who had a circulating 25(OH)D3 concentration of <30 ng/mL were enrolled in this study. Within 30 and 60 days, 76.4% (26 of 34) and 100% (24 of 24) of the patients who received 25(OH)D3 had a sufficient circulating 25(OH)D3 concentration, whereas ≤12.5% of the patients in the placebo group had a sufficient circulating 25(OH)D3 concentration during the 2-month follow-up. We observed an overall lower trend for hospitalization, intensive care unit duration, need for ventilator assistance, and mortality in the 25(OH)D3 group compared with that in the placebo group, but differences were not statistically significant. Treatment with oral 25(OH)D3 was associated with a significant increase in the lymphocyte percentage and decrease in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the patients. The lower neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was significantly associated with reduced intensive care unit admission days and mortality. Conclusion: Our analysis indicated that oral 25(OH)D3 was able to correct vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in patients with COVID-19 that resulted in improved immune function by increasing blood lymphocyte percentage. Randomized controlled trials with a larger sample size and higher dose of 25(OH)D3 may be needed to confirm the potential effect of 25(OH)D3 on reducing clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. © 2021 AACE
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