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Investigating the Role of Temperature and Moisture on the Degradation of 3D-Printed Polymethyl Methacrylate Dental Materials Through Molecular Dynamics Simulations Publisher Pubmed



Saini RS1 ; Vaddamanu SK1 ; Dermawan D2 ; Mosaddad SA3, 4, 5 ; Heboyan A3, 6, 7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Dental Technology, COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
  2. 2. Applied Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
  3. 3. Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
  4. 4. Department of Conservative Dentistry and Bucofacial Prosthesis, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
  5. 5. Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Str. Koryun 2, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
  7. 7. Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Scientific Reports Published:2024


Abstract

This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the degradation behavior of 3D printed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) dental materials, with a specific focus on the influential factors of temperature and moisture, by employing molecular dynamics simulations. Owing to their aesthetic properties, 3D-printed PMMA dental materials play a pivotal role in dental applications. However, understanding their degradation mechanisms, particularly in the context of temperature and moisture variations, is crucial for their long-term durability. A Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator (LAMMPS) was utilized for the molecular dynamics simulations. The simulation setup included temperature variations from 300 to 600 K and relative humidity (RH) levels ranging from 20 to 100%. Various mechanical properties and structural changes were analyzed to determine the degradation behavior. Energetic profiling during equilibration and the subsequent temperature variations were studied. The spatial distribution of the mean squared displacement, non-bond energy, Young’s modulus, bending stress, and volume expansion coefficient of the particles were quantitatively analyzed, revealing temperature- and moisture-dependent trends. The study concluded that temperature and moisture significantly affected the degradation behavior of 3D-printed PMMA dental materials. Higher temperatures and increased humidity levels contribute to reduced mechanical strength and altered structural properties, emphasizing the importance of controlling environmental conditions during fabrication. © The Author(s) 2024.
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