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Autosomal Recessive Bestrophinopathy: Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Twenty-Four Cases Publisher



Khojasteh H1 ; Azarmina M2 ; Ebrahimiadib N1 ; Daftarian N3 ; Riaziesfahani H1 ; Naraghi H4 ; Sabbaghi H2 ; Khodabande A1 ; Faghihi H1 ; Moghaddasi A2 ; Bazvand F1 ; Manaviat MR5 ; Ahmadieh H2 ; Hassanpoor N2, 6 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Khojasteh H1
  2. Azarmina M2
  3. Ebrahimiadib N1
  4. Daftarian N3
  5. Riaziesfahani H1
  6. Naraghi H4
  7. Sabbaghi H2
  8. Khodabande A1
  9. Faghihi H1
  10. Moghaddasi A2
  11. Bazvand F1
  12. Manaviat MR5
  13. Ahmadieh H2
  14. Hassanpoor N2, 6
  15. Suri F2
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Retina and Vitreous Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Ophthalmology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Ophthalmology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Source: Journal of Ophthalmology Published:2021


Abstract

Background. To describe ocular manifestations, imaging characteristics, and genetic test results of autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB). The study design is an observational case series. Methods. Forty-eight eyes of 24 patients diagnosed with ARB underwent complete ophthalmic examinations including refraction, anterior and posterior segment examination, enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT), fluorescein angiography (FA), electroretinography (ERG), and electrooculography (EOG). Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and BEST1 gene sequencing were performed in selected patients. Results. The age at onset was 4-35 years (mean: 18.6 years). The male-to-female ratio was 0.45. All patients were hyperopic, except one with less than one diopter myopia. EOG was abnormal in 18 cases with near-normal ERGs. Six patients did not undergo EOG due to their young age. Eighteen patients (75%) had a thick choroid on EDI-OCT, of which three had advanced angle-closure glaucoma, 15 patients were hyperopic, and eight of them had more than four diopters hyperopia in both eyes. Macular retinoschisis was observed in 46 eyes of 23 patients (95%) with cysts mostly located in the inner nuclear layer (INL) to the outer nuclear layer (ONL). Of the 18 patients who underwent FA, mild peripheral leakage was seen in eight eyes of four patients (22%). Subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was seen in three eyes of two patients (6%) that responded well to intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB). Seven mutations of the bestrophin-1 (BEST1) gene were found in this study; however, only two of them (p.Gly34 = and p.Leu319Pro) had been previously reported as the cause of ARB based on ClinVar and other literature studies. Conclusions. ARB can be presented with a wide spectrum of ocular abnormalities that may not be easily diagnosed. Pachychoroid can occur alongside retinal schisis and may be the underlying cause of angle-closure glaucoma in ARB. Our study also expands the pathogenic mutation spectrum of the BEST1 gene associated with ARB. © 2021 Hassan Khojasteh et al.
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