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Association of a Pro-Inflammatory Diet With Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension: Results From the Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases Cohort Study Publisher



Jam SA1 ; Rezaeian S2, 3 ; Najafi F4 ; Hamzeh B2 ; Shakiba E5 ; Moradinazar M2 ; Darbandi M2 ; Hichi F6 ; Eghtesad S7 ; Pasdar Y2, 8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  2. 2. Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  3. 3. Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  4. 4. Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  5. 5. Behavioural Diseases Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  6. 6. Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  7. 7. Liver and Pancreatobiliary Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Isar Square, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Nutritional Sciences Department, Tehran, Iran

Source: Archives of Public Health Published:2022


Abstract

Background: Most non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are associated to diet and inflammation. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) is a developed and validated self-assessment tool. The study was conducted to assess the association of DII with the hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 9811 participants aged 35 to 65 years from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study’s baseline phase data. The DII was calculated using 31 food frequency questionnaire parameters (FFQ). Univariable and multiple logistic regression was used to derive the estimates. Results: In healthy participants, the mean DII score was − 2.32 ± 1.60; in participants with T2DM, HTN, or T2DM&HTN, the mean DII score was − 2.23 ± 1.59, − 2.45 ± 1.60 and − 2.25 ± 1.60, respectively (P = 0.011). Males had a significantly higher pro-inflammatory diet than females (P < 0.001). BMI (body mass index), triglyceride, energy intake, smokers were significantly higher and socio-economic status (SES), physical activity and HDL-C were significantly lower in the most pro-inflammatory diet compared to the most anti-inflammatory diet. Participants with T2DM, HTN, and T2DM&HTN had significantly higher mean anthropometry indices (P < 0.001) and lipid profiles than healthy subjects (P < 0.001). After adjusting for age, gender, and physical activity, the probability of developing T2DM was 1.48 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.85) times greater in the fourth quartile of DII than in the first quartile. Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that an anti-inflammatory diet are associated with HTN, T2DM, and the risk factors associated with these conditions. Modification of diet is recommended to reduce inflammation. © 2022, The Author(s).
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