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Pro-Inflammatory Diet, Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Using Data From Rancd Cohort Study Publisher Pubmed



Namazi N1 ; Anjomshoae J2 ; Najafi F3 ; Ayati MH4, 5 ; Darbandi M3 ; Pasdar Y3
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Faculty of Nutritional Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  4. 4. School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Source: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Published:2023


Abstract

Background: Inflammation and cardiometabolic risk factors can be involved in developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate and compare the association between a pro-inflammatory diet and cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with T2DM and non-T2DM cases. Methods: In this cross-sectional population-based study, considering the baseline data of the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort, patients with T2DM (n = 785) and non-T2DM cases (n = 8254) were included. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) was calculated using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and was classified into four groups (quartiles) with lowest to highest scores. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between DII and cardiometabolic risk factors in both groups. Results: The participants were 9,039 (4140 men and 4889 women) with a mean age of 47.4 ± 8.2 years; the mean body mass index (BMI) and DII were 27.49 ± 4.63 kg/m2 and − 2.49 ± 1.59, respectively. After adjustment for confounding factors, we found that DII can increase the risk of T2DM by 61% (95% CI 1.27 to 2.05, P < 0.001). A comparison of two groups revealed that the association of DII, obesity/overweight and dyslipidemia were also significant in both diabetic (P < 0.05) and non-diabetic cases (P < 0.05). However, no significant association was found between DII, MetS, and hypertension in either of the groups. The association between DII and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) was only significant in diabetic patients (1.65; 95%CI: 1.02 to 2.65, P = 0.04) and T2DM showed an interaction with the association between DII and CVDs. Conclusion: Inflammatory potential of diet may increase the risk of T2DM. Although it can increase the risk of some cardiometabolic risk factors in both diabetic and non-diabetic cases, its effects were greater among patients with T2DM. However, further prospective studies are required to confirm these associations. © 2023, The Author(s).
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