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Unveiling the Diagnostic Potential of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion for Detecting and Characterizing Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Rajabi P1 ; Rezakhaniha B2 ; Galougahi MHK3 ; Mohammadimehr M4, 5 ; Sharifnia H6 ; Pakzad R7 ; Niroomand H8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Infectious Diseases Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Trauma Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Etemadzadeh Street, Fatemi Street West, Tehran, Iran

Source: Abdominal Radiology Published:2025


Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to assess the diagnostic capabilities of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) in prostate cancer (PCa) detection and characterization. Materials: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for articles published up to September 10, 2023, that evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of MD, MK, Dt, f, and Dp parameters. Data were pooled using a bivariate mixed-effects regression model and analyzed with R software. Results: In total, 27 studies were included. The analysis revealed distinct diagnostic efficacies for DKI and IVIM. In the overall model, sensitivity and specificity were 0.807 and 0.797, respectively, with prospective studies showing higher specificity (0.858, p = 0.024). The detection model yielded increased sensitivity (0.845) and specificity (0.812), with DKI outperforming IVIM in both metrics (sensitivity: 0.87, p = 0.043; specificity: 0.837, p = 0.26); MD had high sensitivity (0.88) and specificity (0.82), while MK’s specificity was significantly higher (0.854, p = 0.04); Dp’s sensitivity was significantly lower (0.64, p = 0.016). In characterization, sensitivity and specificity were 0.708 and 0.735, respectively, with no significant differences between DKI and IVIM or Gleason Scores; MK had higher sensitivity (0.78, p = 0.039), and f’s sensitivity was significantly lower (0.51, p = 0.019). Conclusion: In summary, the study underscores DKI’s enhanced diagnostic accuracy over IVIM in detecting PCa, with MK standing out for its precision. Conversely, Dp and f lag in diagnostic performance. Despite these promising results, the study highlights the imperative for standardized protocols and study designs to achieve reliable and consistent outcomes. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
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