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Gold Nanoparticles Loaded Into Niosomes: A Novel Approach for Enhanced Antitumor Activity Against Human Ovarian Cancer Publisher



Rezaie Amale F1 ; Ferdowsian S2 ; Hajrasouliha S3 ; Kazempoor R3 ; Mirzaie A4 ; Sedigh Dakkali M5 ; Akbarzadeh I6 ; Mohammadmahdi Meybodi S7 ; Mirghafouri M8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  2. 2. Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Biology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran
  5. 5. School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Source: Advanced Powder Technology Published:2021


Abstract

In the current study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared using the green synthesis method using Artemisia annua extract, loaded into niosomes, and investigated their cytotoxicity and apoptotic effects. To optimize the niosomal formulation containing AuNPs, the effects of surfactants: cholesterol molar ratio, Span 60: Tween 60 M ratio, and AuNP concentration (µg/mL) were investigated. After examining the drug release profile, mathematical models were assessed to predict release kinetic. The cytotoxicity of noisome encapsulated AuNPs and free AuNPs was evaluated against human ovarian cancer cell line (A2780) by MTT assay. The apoptotic/necrosis ratio was studied using flow cytometry as well as Real-Time PCR was used for the Bax and Bcl-2 apoptosis gene expression. The results showed that the entrapment efficiency and particle size of optimized niosomal formulation encapsulated AuNPs were 34.49%±0.84 and 153.6 ± 4.62 nm with a regular spherical shape, respectively. The release profile of AuNPs from niosomal formulation was 59%±1.0 after 8 h suggesting the controlled release profile. This formulation exerted dose-dependent cytotoxicity against the A2780 cells via induction of apoptosis and significant upregulation of mRNA expression of Bax gene; while expression of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 was down-regulated. Thus, the findings suggest that AuNP-loaded niosomal formulation is considered a promising and suitable targeted system for improving anti-tumor activity against A2780 cells. © 2021 The Society of Powder Technology Japan
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