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Association of Plant-Based Dietary Patterns With Psychological Profile and Obesity in Iranian Women Publisher Pubmed



Zamani B1, 2 ; Daneshzad E1 ; Siassi F1 ; Guilani B3 ; Bellissimo N4 ; Azadbakht L1, 5, 6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
  5. 5. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Clinical Nutrition Published:2020


Abstract

Background: A bidirectional association exists between psychological disorders and obesity. Also, diet could impact on both of these disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between plant-based dietary patterns and psychological profile and obesity. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in a sample of 435 Iranian women. A validated and reliable semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary data. Three dietary indices including an overall plant-based diet (PDI), healthful plant-based diet (hPDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet (uPDI) were determined. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were used to define general and abdominal obesity, respectively. Psychological profile status was determined from the DASS-21 questionnaire. Results: We found that higher uPDI scores increased the odds of overall (PDI: 2.62; 95% CI 1.28–5.35, Ptrend = 0.01) and abdominal (PDI: 2.36; 95% CI 1.11–5.02, Ptrend = 0.03) obesity in comparison with lower scores. Moreover, an inverse association was observed between higher PDI and hPDI scores and depression (PDI: 0.41; 95% CI 0.23–0.71, Ptrend = 0.001, hPDI: 0.44; 95% CI 0.25–0.76, Ptrend = 0.003), anxiety (PDI: 0.56; 95% CI 0.33–0.94, Ptrend = 0.03, hPDI: 0.55; 95% CI 0.33–0.94, Ptrend = 0.03), and psychological distress (PDI: 0.44; 95% CI 0.26–0.75, Ptrend = 0.003, hPDI: 0.49; 95% CI 0.29–0.82, Ptrend = 0.009). For uPDI, higher scores were associated with depression (uPDI: 1.91; 95% CI 1.03–3.55, Ptrend = 0.03). Conclusions: A plant-based diet, particularly healthful-rich plant foods were inversely associated with psychological disorders. Furthermore, unhealthy plant foods were associated with increased risk of obesity as well as depression. © 2019
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