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Mesoporous Silica@Chitosan@Gold Nanoparticles As “On/Off” Optical Biosensor and Ph-Sensitive Theranostic Platform Against Cancer Publisher Pubmed



Esmaeili Y1 ; Khavani M2 ; Bigham A3 ; Sanati A1 ; Bidram E1 ; Shariati L4, 5 ; Zarrabi A6 ; Jolfaie NA1 ; Rafienia M1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Biosensor Research Center (BRC), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
  3. 3. Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, 80125, Italy
  4. 4. Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Iran
  5. 5. Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezarjerib Ave, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey

Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Published:2022


Abstract

A cancer nanotheranostic system was fabricated based on mesoporous silica@chitosan@gold (MCM@CS@Au) nanosystem targeted by aptamer toward the MUC-1 positive tumor cells. Subsequently, curcumin as an efficient herbal anticancer drug was first encapsulated into chitosan-triphosphate nanoparticles and then the resulted nanoparticle was loaded into the nanosystem (MCM@CS@Au-Apt). The nanosystem successful fabrication was approved at each synthesis step through FTIR, XRD, BET, DLS, FE-SEM, HRTEM, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Besides, the interaction between aptamer and curcumin was evaluated using full atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. The mechanism of curcumin release was likewise investigated through different kinetic models. Afterwards, the potential of the designed nanosystem in targeted imaging, and drug delivery was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. It was found that the energy transfer between the base pairs in the hairpin of double strands of DNA aptamer acts as a quencher for MCM@CS@Au fluorescence culminating in an “on/off” optical biosensor. On the other hand, the presence of pH-sensitive chitosan nanoparticles creates smart nanosystem to deliver more curcumin into the desired cells. Indeed, when the aptamer specifically binds to the MUC-1 receptor, its double strands separate under the low pH condition, leading to the drug release and the recovery of the fluorescence (“On” state). Based on the toxicity results, this nanosystem had more toxicity toward the MUC-1-positive tumor cells than MUC-1-negative cells, representing its selective targeting. Therefore, this nanosystem could be introduced as a smart anticancer nanotheranostic system for tracing particular biomarkers (MUC-1), non-invasive fluorescence imaging, and targeted curcumin delivery. © 2022
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