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The Effect of Garlic Intake on Glycemic Control in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher



Emami S1, 2 ; Rouhani MH1 ; Azadbakht L1, 3, 4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
  3. 3. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Progress in Nutrition Published:2017


Abstract

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of garlic intake on glycemic control in humans. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCO, and Science Direct as international data bases, and IranMedex, Magiran, and SID as local databases for studies on effect of garlic intake on glycemic control in humans published until March 2015. Our search included MeSH and non-MeSH terms.Te quality of included studies was assessed using the Jadad scale. Results: Ten articles were eligible for current meta-analysis. Te results showed that garlic intake could decrease fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P<0.001). To overcome the heterogeneity, studies were categorized into fve subgroups. Accordingly, consumption of garlic as a food decreased FBS in comparison with garlic supplements (P=0.01). In addition, in comparison with healthy, diabetic, and hypercholesterolemic participants, garlic intake signifcantly reduced FBS in diabetic patients with hypercholesterolemia (P=0.001), and studies which had dependent design (cross-over or before-after) showed that garlic intake could decrease FBS (P<0.001). We could not observe any signifcant result through different subgroups of duration of intervention. Moreover, the results showed that garlic intake could decrease post prandial blood glucose (PPBG) (P=0.031), but could not signifcantly decrease Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) (P=0.1). Conclusion: Te current analysis revealed that consumption of garlic as a food could signifcantly decrease FBS especially in patients suffering from both diabetes and hypercholesterolemia. However, it is suggested that garlic intake regardless of its source (food or supplement) might improve PPBG levels in humans. © 1885 Mattioli.
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