Comparing the Effectiveness of Vitamin D Plus Iron Vs Vitamin D on Depression Scores in Anemic Females: Randomized Triple-Masked Trial Publisher



Vafa M^{1, 2} ; Azizisoleiman F³ ; Kazemi SM⁴ ; Salehi M⁵ ; Zaeri F⁶ ; Abiri B⁷ ; Sadeghi H⁸ ; Safavi M³ Show Affiliations
Source: Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran Published:2019

Abstract

ackground: Low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) have been related to depression and anxiety. It seems that anemia is associated with vitamin D deficiency. We aimed to evaluate the effects of iron-vitamin D co-supplementation versus vitamin D alone on depression scores in anemic females with low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on eighty premenopausal females who were recruited between May 2015 and October 2015 from primary health care centers. Women with anemia and low concentrations of 25(OH)D were randomized to either 1000 IU/d vitamin D plus 27 mg/d iron (D-Fe) or vitamin D plus placebo supplements (D-P) for 12 weeks. Depressive and anxious symptoms were evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) with subscales 1-13 and 14-21 and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). To compare the groups, Mann-Whitney or chi-squared tests were used and within groups comparison was performed using Wilcoxon signed ranks test. The study was registered on www.clinicaltrial.org as NC 01876563. Results: The serum concentrations of 25(OH)D were increased significantly in both groups at the end of the study. In both groups, there was a significant improvement in total BDI, the BDI subscale, and the BAI scores (p < 0.001). No differences were found between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Although the potential positive effect of vitamin D on mental health was evident, iron plus vitamin D cosupplementation did not demonstrate any significant benefits over vitamin D alone, neither in depression score reduction nor anxiety symptoms. © Iran University of Medical Sciences.