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Phobia and Fear of Covid-19: Origins, Complications and Management, a Narrative Review; [Fobia E Paura Del Covid-19: Origini, Complicanze E Gestione: Una Revisione Narrativa] Publisher Pubmed



Heiat M1 ; Heiat F2 ; Halaji M3 ; Ranjbar R4 ; Marvasti ZT5 ; Yaalijahromi E6 ; Azizi MM1 ; Hosseini SM7 ; Badri T8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fasa Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fasa, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Fasa Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fasa, Iran
  6. 6. Student research committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  7. 7. Medicine, Quran and Hadith Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Behavioral sciences Research Center, Lifestyle institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Annali di Igiene Medicina Preventiva e di Comunita Published:2021


Abstract

Introduction. The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have changed into a global crisis. Psychologically, this process of alteration can lead to feelings of fear, insecurity, and anxiety. This fear and anxiety can be caused by a variety of factors. However, due to the lack of extensive studies at this time, there are little data on these conditions related to COVID-19. Therefore, in this narrative review, we have tried to identify the most important possible causes of anxiety and fear due to this disease, based on logical shreds of evidence. Then we tried to discuss the consequences and ways to manage and prevent them. Methods. The current focus was on three major axes of corona-phobia, fear and anxiety. PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar and authoritative news and information sources were considered as the data sources. Results. Findings from the analysis of the results revealed that, in addition to the real and the logical reasons which belong to the intrinsic properties of SARS-CoV-2, some misleadings and misconceptions induced by media, governmental policies, public awareness level, and non-scientific speculations and contradictory data expressed by experts, researchers and scientific societies, could provide the way for the development of corona-phobia, and fear. Conclusions. Each of these causal components, in its place, leads to some degrees of psychological disorders and subsequent consequences and complications. Finally, here we reviewed, summarized the previous research findings on how to prevent and manage this type of psychological disorder, and made comparisons. © Societa Editrice Universo (SEU), Roma, Italy
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