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Adrenal Insufficiency in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19)-Infected Patients Without Preexisting Adrenal Diseases: A Systematic Literature Review Publisher



Vakhshoori M1 ; Heidarpour M2 ; Bondariyan N3 ; Sadeghpour N1 ; Mousavi Z4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  4. 4. Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Source: International Journal of Endocrinology Published:2021


Abstract

Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) manifestations varied completely from its time of emergence. However, the assessment of adrenal insufficiency (AI) in this pandemic is lacking. In this review, we aimed to evaluate the status of AI among COVID-19-infected individuals. Methods. A systematic literature screening in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed until May 23, 2021. We collected relevant published peer-reviewed studies that reported AI occurrence in patients who suffered from COVID-19. Results. A total of 10 records (cross-sectional studies: 3, N = 256, males: 176 (68.7%), and case reports: 7, N = 7, males: 4 (57.1%)) were recruited. The age spectrum ranged from 22 to 96 years. AI was diagnosed with laboratory assessment or radiologic findings. The AI prevalence ranged from 3.1% to as high as 64.3% in different studies. Except for one patient, all other patients were discharged in stable conditions in published case reports. Conclusion. This review indicates that AI occurrence in the COVID-19 pandemic seems quite probable; however, the extent and type (primary, secondary, and functional) need to be clarified yet. Appropriate early diagnostic and therapeutic interventions should be done, especially in critically ill patients, to prevent lethal outcomes. © 2021 Mehrbod Vakhshoori et al.
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