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The Effect of Nutrition Education on Gestational Weight Gain Based on the Pender's Health Promotion Model: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study Publisher



Mazloomymahmoodabad SS1 ; Baghianimoghadam MH2 ; Nadjarzadeh A3 ; Mardanian F4 ; Mohammadi R5 ; Zare N6 ; Rejali Z7 ; Goodarzikhoigani M8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health AND Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Health, Firoozabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad, Iran
  3. 3. Nutrition and Food Security Research Center AND Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Mathematical Sciences, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
  7. 7. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Iran
  8. 8. Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Journal of Isfahan Medical School Published:2020


Abstract

Background: Weight gain more than the recommended range by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy, which would be ended to gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, cesarean section, or maternal, and child obesity. Few successful studies in this area include nutrition and physical activity. We examined a simple, practical, and cost-effective solution as nutrition training based on the Pender’s model, because this is one of the most effective patterns for nutritional behavior. Methods: This single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial study was performed on 192 nulliparous pregnant women. During training sessions, mothers of intervention group learned how to prevent excessive weight gain over healthy eating habits. Mothers’ weight, nutrients intake, and physical activity levels were estimated before, during, and after intervention. Findings: The constructs of perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy, behavior-related feelings, interpersonal influences, competing demands and preferences, and commitment to action increased significantly. In the intervention group, 58.6% gained weight within the recommended range compared to 50.0% in control group. Moreover, 28.7% in the intervention group versus 45.6% in the control gained weight more than the IOM limits while 12.6% in the intervention group and 4.4% in the control gained weight less (P = 0.020). The perceived self-efficacy and commitment to the plan constructs were associated with normal weight gaining. Conclusion: Pender model-based nutrition education considering the national guideline prevented excessive gestational weight gain in pregnant women. © 2020 Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.
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