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Evaluating the Effect of Digital Game-Based Nutrition Education on Anemia Indicators in Adolescent Girls: A Randomized Clinical Trial Publisher



Ghadam OS1 ; Sohrabi Z2 ; Mehrabi M3 ; Fararouei M4 ; Shahraki M5 ; Hejazi N2 ; Clark CCT6 ; Mehrabani S7 ; Gerami S2 ; Nouri M1, 8, 9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  2. 2. Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  3. 3. Department of E-learning in Medical Sciences, Virtual School, Center of Excellence for E-leraning for Medical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Medical Faculty, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
  6. 6. Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
  7. 7. Department of clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  8. 8. Students' Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  9. 9. Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Source: Food Science and Nutrition Published:2023


Abstract

Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of micronutrient deficiency in the world. Adolescence represents a period of increased risk of iron deficiency. Therefore, we aimed to determine the impact of nutrition education by a digital game on markers of iron-deficient anemia in adolescent girls. In this study, 176 adolescent girls were randomly dichotomized into the intervention and control groups. At the beginning and the end of the intervention, knowledge, attitude, and practice of both groups were assessed by a questionnaire. Girls in the intervention group received the necessary education through a digital game during a 14-week period, while those in the control group received basic nutritional education through PowerPoint and pamphlets. Additionally, serum transferrin, serum iron, transferrin saturation, ferritin, CBC difference, and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) tests were checked. In this study, nutrition education significantly increased the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of adolescent girls regarding their diet (p ˂.05). Hemoglobin level was also significantly raised (p ˂.05). However, no significant effect was observed on other markers of iron-deficient anemia, such as serum iron, TIBC, and hematocrit, in the intervention group compared with the control group (p ˃.05). The results of this study indicated the positive impact of nutrition education based on digital game on knowledge, attitude, and practice scores, as well as a significant difference in hemoglobin. It is recommended that educational games be designed for students in the future to promote health and nutrition information. © 2022 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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