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Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation on Anthropometric Indices in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Publisher Pubmed



Jazayeri S1 ; Heshmati J2 ; Mokhtari Z3 ; Sepidarkish M4 ; Nameni G1 ; Potter E5 ; Zaroudi M6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  3. 3. Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  5. 5. Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States
  6. 6. Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Complementary Therapies in Medicine Published:2020


Abstract

Background Childhood obesity is a major public health problem with a global prevalence greater than 23 %. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) supplementation may improve anthropometric indices by increased energy expenditure, attenuated appetite, elevated adiponectin levels, though current evidence is still inconclusive. • Objective The aim of this systematic review was to conduct the first comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the association between omega-3 FAs supplementation and anthropometric indices in children and adolescents. • Methods We performed an extensive online database search of the published literature using the SCOPUS, Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases from the index date through April 2019. Six studies met inclusion criteria. Changes in anthropometric indices (weight, BMI and waist circumference) were extracted from each article. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed by calculating the I2 statistic. We used the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95 % confidence interval. The meta-analysis was performed based on a random effects model. • Results This meta-analysis demonstrated that omega-3 FAs supplementation had no effect on reducing body weight (SMD = -0.00, 95 % CI -0.26 to 0.25), BMI (SMD = -0.07, 95 % CI -0.32 to 0.17) and waist circumference (SMD = -0.16, 95 % CI -0.51 to 0.19). • Conclusions Omega-3 FAs supplementation did not change anthropometric indices in children and adolescents. Further large-scale studies with larger sample sizes in children and adolescents are needed to clarify the effects of omega-3 FAs. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
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