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Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern Could Increase the Odds of Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study Publisher Pubmed



Amini Kahrizsangi M1 ; Hadi Sichani P2 ; Shateri Z3 ; Mashoufi A4 ; Nouri M5 ; Firoozbakht H6 ; Rashidkhani B7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  5. 5. Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: BMC Research Notes Published:2024


Abstract

Background: It has been shown that chronic inflammation is a significant factor in cancer development and progression. The current study aimed to investigate whether a higher score on the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), which indicates a more pro-inflammatory diet, is related to higher odds of breast cancer in Iranian women. Methods: In the present case-control study, subjects in the case (n = 133) and control (n = 265) groups were chosen from the hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The cases consisted of women with newly diagnosed breast cancer, while the controls were selected from other parts of the same hospital and had no history of cancer or hormone therapy. Individuals whose reported energy intake deviated by three standard deviations above or below the mean energy intake of the population were excluded from the study. A reliable and valid semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to determine the participants’ dietary intake. Additionally, the association between breast cancer and EDIP was evaluated by logistic regression analysis in both crude and adjusted models. Results: The median scores of EDIP in the case and control groups were 0.65 and 0.61, respectively. The findings also indicated that, in the adjusted model, the odds of developing breast cancer significantly increased in the last tertile of EDIP compared to the first tertile (odds ratio (OR) = 1.859; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.059–3.265; P = 0.031). Additionally, after adjusting for potential confounders, higher odds of breast cancer were observed in the last tertile of EDIP compared to the first tertile in postmenopausal women (OR = 2.516; 95% CI: 1.081–5.856; P = 0.033). Conclusions: The current study indicated that individuals with a higher pro-inflammatory diet score were more likely to develop breast cancer. © The Author(s) 2024.
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