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Association Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and the Incidence of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies Publisher Pubmed



Namazi N1 ; Larijani B2, 6 ; Azadbakht L3, 4, 5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular- Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. Endocrinologist, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 1411413137, Tehran, Iran

Source: Public Health Published:2018


Abstract

Objective: Although many risk factors for cancers have been well defined, the effects of dietary inflammation have remained controversial. We aimed to summarize the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the risk of cancer. Study design: A systematic review and meta-analysis on prospective studies. Methods: Electronic databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to find relevant articles published in English up to February 2017. Prospective studies that reported the relative risk (RR) or hazard ratio for the most pro-inflammatory vs the most anti-inflammatory diets and cancer were included. Random effects model was used to pool the effect sizes. Results: Finally, 11 effect sizes from 10 prospective studies were included. Findings indicated that the most pro-inflammatory vs the most anti-inflammatory diets were significantly associated with an increased risk for total cancer (overall RR: 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–1.26) with a substantial heterogeneity (I2: 85.5%, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the association between DII and breast cancer was 1.04 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.07; I2:0%; P = 0.66), while it was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.17, 1.36; I2 = 58.1%; P = 0.03) for colorectal cancer. Conclusions: Although the findings of the current meta-analysis support the hypothesis that diets with high pro-inflammatory components can increase the risk of cancer, the heterogeneity was high. Therefore, further studies are required to clarify this association. © 2018 The Royal Society for Public Health
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