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Long Term Administration of Thiamine Disulfide Improves Foxo1/Pepck Pathway in Liver to Reduce Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes Rat Model Publisher Pubmed



Rad MG1 ; Sharifi M2 ; Meamar R3 ; Soltani N1, 4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Clinical Toxicology, Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy Published:2024


Abstract

Objective: The main objective of this study was to find if thiamine disulfide (TD) lowers blood glucose level and improves insulin resistance (IR) in liver and muscle in rats with chronic type 1 diabetes (T1DM) using euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique. Methods: A total of fifty male Wistar rats were assigned to five groups consisted of: non-diabetic control (NDC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic treated with thiamine disulfide (D-TD), diabetic treated with insulin (D-insulin), and diabetic treated with both TD and insulin (D-insulin+TD). Diabetes was induced by a 60 mg/kg dose of streptozotocin. Blood glucose levels, pyruvate tolerance test (PTT), intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose infusion rate (GIR), liver and serum lipid profiles, liver glycogen stores, liver enzymes ([ALT], [AST]), and serum calcium and magnesium levels. were evaluated. Additionally, gene expression levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Pepck), forkhead box O1 (Foxo1), and glucose transporter type 4 (Glut4) were assessed in liver and skeletal muscle tissues. Results: Blood glucose level was reduced by TD treatment. In addition, TyG index, HOMA-IR, serum and liver lipid profiles, HbA1c levels, and expressions of Foxo1 and Pepck genes were decreased significantly (P<0.05) in all the treated groups. However, TD did not influence Glut4 gene expression, but GIR as a critical index of IR were 5.0±0.26, 0.29±0.002, 1.5±0.07, 0.9±0.1 and 1.3±0.1 mg.min−1Kg−1 in NDC, DC, D-TD, D-insulin and D-insulin+TD respectively. Conclusions: TD improved IR in the liver primarily by suppressing gluconeogenic pathways, implying the potential use of TD as a therapeutic agent in diabetes. © 2024 The Authors
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