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A Quantitative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Metal Artifact Reduction Algorithm in Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Images With Stainless Steel Orthodontic Brackets and Arch Wires: An Ex Vivo Study Publisher



Shavakhi M1 ; Soltani P2, 3 ; Aghababaee G4 ; Patini R5 ; Armogida NG3 ; Spagnuolo G3, 6 ; Valletta A3
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, 80138, Italy
  4. 4. Students Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Head, Neck and Sense Organs, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, 00168, Italy
  6. 6. Therapeutic Dentistry Department, Institute for Dentistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation

Source: Diagnostics Published:2024


Abstract

The presence of high-density and high-atomic number materials results in the generation of artifacts in cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images. To minimize artifacts in CBCT images, the metal artifact reduction (MAR) tool was developed. This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the MAR algorithm in CBCT images of teeth with stainless steel orthodontic brackets with or without arch wires in buccal and lingual positions obtained using the Galileos Sirona CBCT scanner. In this in vitro study, 20 stainless steel brackets were attached to the maxillary dentition from the right second premolar to the left second premolar teeth of a human skull. In the first group, 10 brackets were bonded to the buccal surface, and in the second group, 10 brackets were bonded to the palatal surface of these teeth. CBCT scans were obtained for each group with or without orthodontic stainless steel wires using a Galileos Sirona CBCT scanner with exposure parameters of 85 kVp and 21 mAs. CBCT images were obtained two times with and two times without MAR activation. The DICOM format of the CBCT images was imported to ImageJ software (version 1.54), and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was calculated and compared for each bracket in 15 and 20 mm distances and 20, 40, and 90 degrees on each side. Statistical analysis was performed using the t test (α = 0.05). CNR values of different distances and different teeth were not significantly different between the two MAR modes (p > 0.05). MAR activation had a significant impact in increasing CNR and reducing artifacts only when brackets were in palatal (p = 0.03). In the other bracket and wire positions, the effect of the MAR algorithm on CNR was not significant (p > 0.05). In conclusion, MAR activation significantly increased CNR, but only when the brackets were in a palatal position. In the other bracket and wire positions, the effect of the MAR algorithm is not significant. © 2024 by the authors.
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