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Dietary Acid Load and Risk of Diminished Ovarian Reserve: A Case-Control Study Publisher Pubmed



Ziaei R1 ; Ghavami A1 ; Ghasemitehrani H2 ; Movahedi M3 ; Hashemi M3 ; Hajhashemi M3 ; Elyasi M5 ; Vajdi M6 ; Kalatehjari M7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Fertility department, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Obstetrics & amp
  4. 4. Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  6. 6. Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan, Iran
  7. 7. Reproductive Sciences and Sexual Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology Published:2024


Abstract

Background: The epidemiologic evidence on the association between acid load potential of diet and the risk of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is scarce. We aim to explore the possible relationship between dietary acid load (DAL), markers of ovarian reserve and DOR risk in a case-control study. Methods: 370 women (120 women with DOR and 250 women with normal ovarian reserve as controls), matched by age and BMI, were recruited. Dietary intake was obtained using a validated 80-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The DAL scores including the potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) were calculated based on nutrients intake. NEAP and PRAL scores were categorized by quartiles based on the distribution of controls. Antral follicle count (AFC), serum antimullerian hormone (AMH) and anthropometric indices were measured. Logistic regression models were used to estimate multivariable odds ratio (OR) of DOR across quartiles of NEAP and PRAL scores. Results: Following increase in PRAL and NEAP scores, serum AMH significantly decreased in women with DOR. Also, AFC count had a significant decrease following increase in PRAL score (P = 0.045). After adjustment for multiple confounding variables, participants in the top quartile of PRAL had increased OR for DOR (OR: 1.26; 95%CI: 1.08–1.42, P = 0.254). Conclusion: Diets with high acid-forming potential may negatively affect ovarian reserve in women with DOR. Also, high DAL may increase the risk of DOR. The association between DAL and markers of ovarian reserve should be explored in prospective studies and clinical trials. © The Author(s) 2024.
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