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The Relationship Between Dairy Food Intake and Psychological Distress Among Iranian Adults: Results From a Large Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study Publisher



Miraghajani M1, 2 ; Feizi A3, 4, 5 ; Esmaillzadeh A6, 7 ; Roohafza H4 ; Keshteli AH5, 8 ; Adibi P5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. The Early Life Research Unit, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
  3. 3. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Integrative Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Source: Journal of Public Health (Germany) Published:2019


Abstract

Aim: Psychological distress is associated with decreased quality of life. The nutritional factor is one of the most important for mental well-being. Subjects and methods: The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between dairy food intake and psychological distress. In this cross-sectional study, data on the dietary food intake of 4763 participants were collected using a validated FFQ. Also, the Iranian validated version of the GHQ was used to screen psychological distress. Results: Individuals in the highest tertile of total dairy food intake were less likely to have psychological distress (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.70–0.91, P = 0.04) in the final adjusted model. At stratified analysis based on sex, the same findings were obtained only among women. Inversely, individuals in the highest category of high-fat dairy intake had greater odds of suffering from psychological distress (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.07–1.83, P = 0.01). Also, higher intake of high-fat dairy was significantly associated with greater odds of psychological distress among women in models stratified by sex. However, we found a marginally significant inverse association between higher intake of low-fat dairy and psychological distress risk (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.69–1.01, P = 0.07). This association was not significant among men and women in a stratified analysis based on sex. Conclusions: The result showed dairy intake is associated with psychological distress. Further studies are required to confirm these associations. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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