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Hepatitis B Virus Genotype D Is the Only Genotype Circulating in Iranian Chronic Carriers, the Unique Pattern of Genotypic Homogeneity Publisher



Norouzi M1 ; Ramezani F1 ; Khedive A1 ; Karimzadeh H1 ; Alavian SM2 ; Malekzadeh R3 ; Montazeri G3 ; Nejatizadeh A4 ; Ziai M5 ; Abedi F6 ; Ataei B7 ; Yaran M7 ; Sayad B8 ; Somi MH9 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Norouzi M1
  2. Ramezani F1
  3. Khedive A1
  4. Karimzadeh H1
  5. Alavian SM2
  6. Malekzadeh R3
  7. Montazeri G3
  8. Nejatizadeh A4
  9. Ziai M5
  10. Abedi F6
  11. Ataei B7
  12. Yaran M7
  13. Sayad B8
  14. Somi MH9
  15. Sarizade G10
  16. Saneimoghaddam I11
  17. Mansourghanaei F12
  18. Rafatpanah H13
  19. Pourhosseingholi MA14
  20. Keyvani H15
  21. Shahmoradi S1
  22. Saberifiroozi M16
  23. Sadeghi M17
  24. Geravand B1
  25. Daram M1
  26. Mahabadi M1
  27. Goodarzi Z1
  28. Rezaee R1
  29. Poortahmasebi V1
  30. Fakhari Z1
  31. Jazayeri SM1, 18
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Hepatitis B Molecular Laboratory, Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Middle East Liver Diseases Center (MELD Centers), Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Internal Medicine, Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Infectious Disease, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  7. 7. Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  8. 8. Kermanshah Liver Diseases and Hepatitis Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran
  9. 9. Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  10. 10. Educational Region of Khozestan Blood Transfusion Organization, Ahvaz, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Gastroenterology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
  12. 12. Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  13. 13. Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  14. 14. Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  15. 15. Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  16. 16. Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  17. 17. National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
  18. 18. Hepatitis B Lab-Dept Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Published:2014


Abstract

Aim: To characterize the hepatitis B virus surface protein genotypes and sequence variations among HBsAg positive chronic Iranian patients from different ethnic groups. Method: The surface genes from 312 patients were amplified and directly sequenced. Results: All strains (100%) belonged to genotype D and subtypes ayw2. The average nucleotide mutation frequency was 0.91 (dN/dS < 1.0), indicated negative selection. There was no significant correlation between HBV DNA and ALT levels and the occurrence of amino acid substitutions. However, in terms of HBeAg/Anti-HBe status, the association between both groups for silent nucleotide mutation was strong, indicating selection bias on missense mutations. A higher number of amino acid mutations was found in anti-HBe positive versus HBeAg positive patients.Conclusion: The uniqueness pattern of HBV genetics hemogeniety together with the low mutational frequency indicated that HBV has introduced to Iran recently and isolation of people in the absence of intermixing with other genotypes led to a homologous pattern. © 2014 ACT.
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